商务合同英译中易混淆的词语
<p>英译商务合同时，常常由于选同不当而寻致词不达意或者意思模棱两可，有时甚至表达的是完全不同的含义。因此了解与掌握极易混淆的词语的区别是极为重要的，是提高英译质量的关键因素之一，现把常用且易混淆的七对词语，用典型实例论述如下：</p><p><span word="shipping">shipping</span> <span word="advice">advice</span> 与 <span word="shipping">shipping</span> <span word="instructions">instructions</span></p><p><span word="shipping">shipping</span> <span word="advice">advice</span> 是“装运通知”，是由出口商<span word="Both">Both</span> <span word="parties">parties</span> <span word="Shall">Shall</span> <span word="abide">abide</span> <span word="by">by</span>/<span word="All">All</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="activities">activities</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="parties">parties</span> <span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="comply">comply</span></p><p><span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="contractual">contractual</span> <span word="stipulations">stipulations</span>. <span word="change">change</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="B">B</span> 与 <span word="change">change</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="B">B</span> 英译“把 <span word="A">A</span> 改为 <span word="B">B</span>”用<span word="change">change</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="B">B</span>，英译“把 <span word="A">A</span> 折合成/兑换成 <span word="B">B</span>”用<span word="change">change</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="B">B</span>，两者不可混淆。 例 4：交货期改为 8 月并将美元折合成人民币。</p><p><span word="Both">Both</span> <span word="parties">parties</span> <span word="agree">agree</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="shipment">shipment</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="August">August</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="dollar">dollar</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="Renminbi">Renminbi</span>. <span word="ex">ex</span> 与 <span word="per">per</span> 源自拉丁语的介词 <span word="ex">ex</span> 与 <span word="per">per</span> 有各自不同的含义。英译由某轮船“运来”的货物时用 <span word="ex">ex</span>，由某轮船“运走”的货物用 <span word="per">per</span>，而由某轮船“承运”用 <span word="by">by</span>。 例 5：由“维多利亚”货轮运走/运来/承运的最后一批货将于 10 月 1 日抵达伦敦。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="batch">batch</span> <span word="per">per</span>/<span word="ex">ex</span>/<span word="by">by</span> <span word="S">S</span>.<span word="S">S</span>. "<span word="Victoria">Victoria</span>" <span word="will">will</span> <span word="arrive">arrive</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="London">London</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="October">October</span></p><p>(<span word="S">S</span>.<span word="S">S</span>. = <span word="Steamship">Steamship</span>) <span word="in">in</span> 与 <span word="after">after</span> 当英译“多少天之后”的时间时，往往是指“多少天之后”的确切的一天，所以必须用介词 <span word="in">in</span>，而不能用 <span word="after">after</span>，因为介词 <span word="after">after</span> 指的是“多少天之后”的不确切的任何一天。 例 6：该货于 11 月 10 日由“东风”轮运出，140 天后抵达鹿特丹港。</p>
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