英语中介词的译法
<p>①在作表语的介词短语中，介词常转译为动词，而连系动词则省略不译。如：<span word="This">This</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="repair">repair</span>．这台机器失修了。</p><p>②在作目的或原因状语的介词短语中，介词有时转译成动词。如：</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="plane">plane</span> <span word="crushed">crushed</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="control">control</span>．这架飞机失去控制而坠毁。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="letter">letter</span> <span word="E">E</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="commonly">commonly</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="electromotive">electromotive</span> <span word="force">force</span>．通常用<span word="E">E</span>这个字母表示电动势。 ③在作条件、方式或方法状语的介词短语中，介词有时转译成动词。如：</p><p><span word="But">But</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="larger">larger</span> <span word="molecules">molecules</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="atoms">atoms</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="optical">optical</span> <span word="microscope">microscope</span>．但是，即使有几百个原子的分子也是太小了，用最好的光学显微镜也看不见它们。 ④介词短语作补足语时，其中介词常转译成动词。如：</p><p><span word="Heat">Heat</span> <span word="sets">sets</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="particles">particles</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="random">random</span> <span word="motion">motion</span>．热量使这些粒子作随机运动。 如：<span word="That">That</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="it">it</span>.那就是与此有关的全部内容。<span word="The">The</span> <span word="engineer">engineer</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="ill">ill</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="consumption">consumption</span>． <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="flour">flour</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lungs">lungs</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="doctor">doctor</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span>．这个工程师得了肺一病、那是由于面粉对肺部的影响，当时医生这样对他说的。因此，熟悉介词与动词或形容词的习惯搭配是增词并正确理解词义的一种重要手段。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="porous">porous</span> <span word="wall">wall</span> <span word="acts">acts</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="seine">seine</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="separating">separating</span> <span word="molecules">molecules</span>．多孔壁的作用就像一把筛子，它把不同质量的分子分开。 ②译成让步分句。</p>
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