首页 › 高考英语 › 陕西省西安市2017高考英语三轮冲刺选练1

meili 发表于 2022-10-18 21:10:10

陕西省西安市2017高考英语三轮冲刺选练1

<p>　　2017西安市高考英语三轮冲刺选练1 阅读理解。 (2017·绍兴统考)<span word="When">When</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="walked">walked</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Bering">Bering</span> <span word="Land">Land</span> <span word="Bridge">Bridge</span> <span word="thousands">thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>, <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="sides">sides</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="published">published</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="Science">Science</span>. <span word="Robert">Robert</span> <span word="Wayne">Wayne</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="California">California</span>, <span word="Los">Los</span> <span word="Angeles">Angeles</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Jennifer">Jennifer</span> <span word="Leonard">Leonard</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Smithsonian">Smithsonian</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span>, <span word="used">used</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="material">material</span>—<span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="unearthed">unearthed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="miners">miners</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Alaska">Alaska</span>—<span word="to">to</span> <span word="conclude">conclude</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="today">today</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="domestic">domestic</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="originated">originated</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="accompanied">accompanied</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="humans">humans</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="World">World</span> <span word="about">about</span> 10, 000 <span word="to">to</span> 15, 000 <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>. <span word="Wayne">Wayne</span> <span word="suggests">suggests</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="man">man</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="friend">friend</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="enabled">enabled</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tough">tough</span> <span word="journey">journey</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="America">America</span>. “<span word="Dogs">Dogs</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="land">land</span> <span word="bridge">bridge</span>, ”<span word="said">said</span> <span word="Wayne">Wayne</span>. “<span word="They">They</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="pull">pull</span> <span word="things">things</span>, <span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="things">things</span>, <span word="defend">defend</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="fierce">fierce</span> <span word="animals">animals</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="they">they</span>’<span word="re">re</span> <span word="useful">useful</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="eat">eat</span>. ” <span word="Researchers">Researchers</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="agreed">agreed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="today">today</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="result">result</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="domestication">domestication</span>(驯化)<span word="of">of</span> <span word="wolves">wolves</span> <span word="thousands">thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>. <span word="Before">Before</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="study">study</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="precise">precise</span> <span word="origin">origin</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="America">America</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="domestic">domestic</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Natives">Natives</span> <span word="domesticated">domesticated</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="wolves">wolves</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="descendants">descendants</span>(后代)<span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Alaska">Alaska</span>, <span word="Canada">Canada</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Lower">Lower</span> 48. <span word="Dog">Dog</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Fairbanks">Fairbanks</span>-<span word="area">area</span> <span word="gold">gold</span> <span word="mine">mine</span> <span word="helped">helped</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="reach">reach</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="conclusion">conclusion</span>. <span word="Leonard">Leonard</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="evolutionary">evolutionary</span> <span word="biologist">biologist</span>, <span word="collected">collected</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="from">from</span> 11 <span word="bones">bones</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="locked">locked</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="permafrost">permafrost</span>(永冻层)<span word="until">until</span> <span word="Fairbanks">Fairbanks</span> <span word="miners">miners</span> <span word="uncovered">uncovered</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1920<span word="s">s</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="miners">miners</span> <span word="donated">donated</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="preserved">preserved</span> <span word="bones">bones</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="Museum">Museum</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Natural">Natural</span> <span word="History">History</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span> <span word="City">City</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="remained">remained</span> <span word="untouched">untouched</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 70 <span word="years">years</span>. <span word="After">After</span> <span word="borrowing">borrowing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bones">bones</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="museum">museum</span>, <span word="Leonard">Leonard</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="colleagues">colleagues</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="radiocarbon">radiocarbon</span> <span word="techniques">techniques</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Alaska">Alaska</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> 1450 <span word="and">and</span> 1675 <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="D">D</span>. , <span word="before">before</span> <span word="Vitus">Vitus</span> <span word="Bering">Bering</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Aleksey">Aleksey</span> <span word="Chirikov">Chirikov</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="Europeans">Europeans</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="view">view</span> <span word="Alaska">Alaska</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1741. “<span word="The">The</span> <span word="bones">bones</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="wandered">wandered</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fairbanks">Fairbanks</span> <span word="area">area</span> <span word="centuries">centuries</span> <span word="ago">ago</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="therefore">therefore</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="pure">pure</span> <span word="native">native</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span>, ”<span word="Leonard">Leonard</span> <span word="said">said</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fairbanks">Fairbanks</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="expose">expose</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="descendants">descendants</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="wolves">wolves</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="America">America</span>. <span word="Along">Along</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fairbanks">Fairbanks</span> <span word="samples">samples</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="collected">collected</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="bones">bones</span> <span word="of">of</span> 37 <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="specimens">specimens</span>(标本)<span word="from">from</span> <span word="Mexico">Mexico</span>, <span word="Peru">Peru</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Bolivia">Bolivia</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="existed">existed</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="arrival">arrival</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Columbus">Columbus</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Alaska">Alaska</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Latin">Latin</span> <span word="America">America</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="shared">shared</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="genetic">genetic</span> <span word="material">material</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="gray">gray</span> <span word="wolves">wolves</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="supports">supports</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="domestic">domestic</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="entering">entering</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="World">World</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="explorers">explorers</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="wandered">wandered</span> <span word="east">east</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="land">land</span> <span word="bridge">bridge</span>. <span word="Leonard">Leonard</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Wayne">Wayne</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="suggests">suggests</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="joined">joined</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="humans">humans</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="adventure">adventure</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Bering">Bering</span> <span word="Land">Land</span> <span word="Bridge">Bridge</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="slowly">slowly</span> <span word="populate">populate</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Americas">Americas</span>. <span word="Wayne">Wayne</span> <span word="thinks">thinks</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trip">trip</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="provided">provided</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="excellent">excellent</span> <span word="service">service</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="companions">companions</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="brought">brought</span> <span word="along">along</span>. “<span word="Dogs">Dogs</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="useful">useful</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="expensive">expensive</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="keep">keep</span>, ”<span word="Wayne">Wayne</span> <span word="said">said</span>. “<span word="They">They</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="feed">feed</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="mice">mice</span>; <span word="they">they</span> <span word="fed">fed</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="meat">meat</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="guarded">guarded</span> <span word="resource">resource</span>. ” 【文章大意】本文是科普性文章。说明了在几千年前狗陪同人们一起跨过白令大陆桥进入北美大陆, 并且在此繁殖起来。而通过检测发掘出的狗骨头的<span word="DNA">DNA</span>也证实了这一点。 1. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="underlined">underlined</span> <span word="word">word</span>“<span word="remains">remains</span>”<span word="is">is</span> <span word="closest">closest</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span> <span word="to">to</span>“　”. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="leftover">leftover</span> <span word="food">food</span>　<span word="B">B</span>. <span word="animal">animal</span> <span word="waste">waste</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="dead">dead</span> <span word="bodies">bodies</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="living">living</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> 【解析】选<span word="C">C</span>。词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句话“<span word="Leonard">Leonard</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="evolutionary">evolutionary</span> <span word="biologist">biologist</span>, <span word="collected">collected</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="from">from</span> 11 <span word="bones">bones</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="locked">locked</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="permafrost">permafrost</span>”说明是在永冻层发现的狗的骨头, 所以<span word="remains">remains</span>应该是尸体。故<span word="C">C</span>正确。 . <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="described">described</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Paragraph">Paragraph</span> 4, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="that">that</span>　. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="entered">entered</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="between">between</span> 1450 <span word="and">and</span> 1675 <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="the">the</span> 11 <span word="bones">bones</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="native">native</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bones">bones</span> <span word="discovered">discovered</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gold">gold</span> <span word="miners">miners</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="wolves">wolves</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bones">bones</span> <span word="studied">studied</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="brought">brought</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Europeans">Europeans</span> 【解析】选<span word="D">D</span>。细节理解题。根据“<span word="They">They</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> 1450 <span word="and">and</span> 1675 <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="D">D</span>. , <span word="before">before</span> <span word="Vitus">Vitus</span> <span word="Bering">Bering</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Aleksey">Aleksey</span> <span word="Chirikov">Chirikov</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="Europeans">Europeans</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="view">view</span> <span word="Alaska">Alaska</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1741. . . ”可判断出被研究的骨头不是欧洲人带到北美的狗的骨头。所以<span word="D">D</span>正确。 . <span word="What">What</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="passage">passage</span>? <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="Native">Native</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="domesticated">domesticated</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="wolves">wolves</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span>. <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="Scientists">Scientists</span> <span word="discovered">discovered</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1920<span word="s">s</span>. <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="Latin">Latin</span> <span word="America">America</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="America">America</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="genes">genes</span>. <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="Ancient">Ancient</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="entered">entered</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Bering">Bering</span> <span word="Land">Land</span> <span word="Bridge">Bridge</span>. 【解析】选<span word="D">D</span>。细节理解题。根据第一段“<span word="When">When</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="walked">walked</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Bering">Bering</span> <span word="Land">Land</span> <span word="Bridge">Bridge</span> <span word="thousands">thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>, <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="sides">sides</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="published">published</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="Science">Science</span>. ”可知<span word="D">D</span>正确。 4. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="passage">passage</span> <span word="mainly">mainly</span> <span word="talk">talk</span> <span word="about">about</span>? <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="origin">origin</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span>. <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="America">America</span>. <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="reasons">reasons</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="entered">entered</span> <span word="America">America</span>. <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="difference">difference</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="Asian">Asian</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span>. 【解析】选<span word="A">A</span>。推理判断题。文章第一段提到狗和人们一同跨过<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Bering">Bering</span> <span word="Land">Land</span> <span word="Bridge">Bridge</span>, 第二、三、四、五段研究狗的<span word="DNA">DNA</span>“<span word="to">to</span> <span word="conclude">conclude</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="today">today</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="domestic">domestic</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="originated">originated</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span>”, “<span word="Researchers">Researchers</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="agreed">agreed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="today">today</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="result">result</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="domestication">domestication</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="wolves">wolves</span> <span word="thousands">thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>”, 所以文章中心是谈论北美的狗的起源。 (1) <span word="The">The</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rich">rich</span> <span word="industrial">industrial</span> <span word="nation">nation</span> <span word="toward">toward</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> 1800<span word="s">s</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="goods">goods</span>, <span word="more">more</span> <span word="services">services</span>, <span word="more">more</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="standard">standard</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="living">living</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="everything">everything</span>, <span word="including">including</span> <span word="problems">problems</span>. <span word="One">One</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="monopoly">monopoly</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="seller">seller</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="line">line</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="products">products</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="service">service</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="cases">cases</span>, <span word="several">several</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="manufactured">manufactured</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="product">product</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="agree">agree</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="compete">compete</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="another">another</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="agree">agree</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="charge">charge</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="price">price</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="arrangements">arrangements</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="impossible">impossible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="customers">customers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="shop">shop</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="prices">prices</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="products">products</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="decided">decided</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="huge">huge</span> <span word="corporations">corporations</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="controlled">controlled</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="markets">markets</span>. <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="wealth">wealth</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="power">power</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="governments">governments</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="laws">laws</span> <span word="favorable">favorable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="them">them</span>. <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="believed">believed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="monopoly">monopoly</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="price">price</span> <span word="fixing">fixing</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="customers">customers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="broken">broken</span> <span word="up">up</span>. <span word="Finally">Finally</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="states">states</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="laws">laws</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="placed">placed</span> <span word="limits">limits</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="corporations">corporations</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="companies">companies</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="laws">laws</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="illegal">illegal</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="agreements">agreements</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="charge">charge</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="price">price</span>. <span word="Later">Later</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="forced">forced</span> <span word="monopoly">monopoly</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="broken">broken</span> <span word="up">up</span>. <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="laws">laws</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="action">action</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="entirely">entirely</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="away">away</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="monopolies">monopolies</span>. <span word="Nor">Nor</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="stop">stop</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="huge">huge</span> <span word="corporations">corporations</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="decided">decided</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="occurred">occurred</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="harmful">harmful</span>. (<span word="from">from</span> <span word="www">www</span>.<span word="nmet">nmet</span>168.<span word="com">com</span>) 1. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="underlined">underlined</span> <span word="word">word</span> “<span word="monopoly">monopoly</span>” <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="means">means</span> ________. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="the">the</span> <span word="production">production</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="goods">goods</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="complete">complete</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="possession">possession</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="a">a</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="corporation">corporation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="company">company</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="an">an</span> <span word="agreement">agreement</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="prices">prices</span> 2. <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="agreements">agreements</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> ________. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="people">people</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="shops">shops</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="the">the</span> <span word="prices">prices</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="goods">goods</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="customers">customers</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="choice">choice</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="there">there</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="fewer">fewer</span> <span word="markets">markets</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="states">states</span> 3. <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="laws">laws</span>, <span word="companies">companies</span> ________. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="were">were</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="allowed">allowed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="markets">markets</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="could">could</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="force">force</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="customers">customers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="products">products</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="should">should</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="fixed">fixed</span> <span word="prices">prices</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="products">products</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="must">must</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="goods">goods</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="markets">markets</span> 4. <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="passage">passage</span>? <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="Big">Big</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="government">government</span>. <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="markets">markets</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="controlled">controlled</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="companies">companies</span>. <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="worried">worried</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="country">country</span>. <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="laws">laws</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="favor">favor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="customers">customers</span>. 1. <span word="B">B</span> 词义猜测题。根据该词之后的解析句“<span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="seller">seller</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="line">line</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="products">products</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="service">service</span>”可猜测出其意义。 2. <span word="C">C</span> 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“<span word="These">These</span> <span word="arrangements">arrangements</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="impossible">impossible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="customers">customers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="shop">shop</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="prices">prices</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="products">products</span>”分析可知 3. <span word="A">A</span> 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“<span word="These">These</span> <span word="laws">laws</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="illegal">illegal</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="agreements">agreements</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="charge">charge</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="price">price</span>”一句可知。 4. <span word="A">A</span> 事实确认题。第二段“<span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="wealth">wealth</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="power">power</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="governments">governments</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="laws">laws</span> <span word="favorable">favorable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="them">them</span>”一句的意义是：因为拥有财富和势力，他们能确保政府通过有利于他们的法律。由此可确认“大公司对政府是有影响力的”。 （2017安徽卷）为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了“<span word="HEART">HEART</span>-<span word="TO">TO</span>-<span word="HEART">HEART</span>”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑<span word="Jamie">Jamie</span>，收到一封署名为<span word="Worried">Worried</span>的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。内容要点如下： 1．表示理解并给予安慰； 2．提出建议并说明理由。注意： 1．词数120左右； 2．信中不能出现与本人相关的信息； 3．信的开头与结尾已为你拟好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：<span word="temper">temper</span> <span word="n">n</span>. 脾气，情绪 <span word="Hi">Hi</span> <span word="Worried">Worried</span>， <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="sorry">sorry</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span>’<span word="re">re</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="moment">moment</span>. <span word="Yours">Yours</span>, <span word="Jamie">Jamie</span> 【考点】考察半开放性作文【写作指导】本文属于半开放性作文，要为你编辑<span word="Jamie">Jamie</span>的口吻回复<span word="Worried">Worried</span>的求助信，他的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。要注意书信的格式和特殊用词。要点：1.很遗憾听说对方有此问题。并解释每个人都可能会遇见这样的问题，所以不必担心。只有的是要学会控制自己的脾气。2.提出建议：与信任的人进行交流，告诉别人你的困扰，释放自己的压力。同时多参加各种户外活动，和朋友多玩球类运动。保持乐观的心态。对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，一定要契合给出的开头，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。【一句多译】每个人都会有过这样的一段时期，在这时情况都很糟糕，所以你不要太担心了。（1）<span word="The">The</span> <span word="truth">truth</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="everyone">everyone</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="periods">periods</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="wrong">wrong</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="worry">worry</span> <span word="much">much</span>.　 （2）<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="everyone">everyone</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="periods">periods</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="wrong">wrong</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="worry">worry</span> <span word="much">much</span>. 【参考范文】 <span word="Hi">Hi</span> <span word="Worried">Worried</span>, <span word="I">I</span>'<span word="m">m</span> <span word="sorry">sorry</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span>'<span word="re">re</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="moment">moment</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="truth">truth</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="everyone">everyone</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="periods">periods</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="wrong">wrong</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="worry">worry</span> <span word="much">much</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="temper">temper</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="anything">anything</span> <span word="you">you</span>’<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="regret">regret</span>. <span word="Here">Here</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="useful">useful</span> <span word="tips">tips</span>: <span word="First">First</span>, <span word="talk">talk</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="someone">someone</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="trust">trust</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="feel">feel</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="letting">letting</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="anger">anger</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="hurting">hurting</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="yourself">yourself</span>. <span word="Second">Second</span>, <span word="go">go</span> <span word="outdoors">outdoors</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="games">games</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="ftiends">ftiends</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="physical">physical</span> <span word="exercise">exercise</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="effective">effective</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="rid">rid</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="anger">anger</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="third">third</span>, <span word="remain">remain</span> <span word="optimistic">optimistic</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="future">future</span>. <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="positive">positive</span> <span word="attitude">attitude</span> <span word="towards">towards</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="helpful">helpful</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="lifting">lifting</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="spirits">spirits</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="you">you</span>'<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="feel">feel</span> <span word="calmer">calmer</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="normal">normal</span>. <span word="Yours">Yours</span>, <span word="Jamie">Jamie</span></p>

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