2017届高三英语一轮单元检测：必修5 Unit1《 Great scientists》
<p> Ⅰ.阅读理</p><p> (2017·安徽省高三皖西四校联考)<span word="When">When</span> <span word="Alfred">Alfred</span> <span word="Nobel">Nobel</span> <span word="created">created</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="prizes">prizes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="bear">bear</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dead">dead</span> <span word="man">man</span>.</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="complex">complex</span> <span word="story">story</span>，<span word="one">one</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="foreseen">foreseen</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="Nobel">Nobel</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Swedish">Swedish</span> <span word="inventor">inventor</span>，<span word="died">died</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1896.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="traces">traces</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="will">will</span>，<span word="written">written</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="prizes">prizes</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="original">original</span> <span word="idea">idea</span>.</p><p> <span word="Nobel">Nobel</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reward">reward</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="who">who</span> “<span word="made">made</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="discovery">discovery</span>” <span word="during">during</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="previous">previous</span> <span word="year">year</span>.<span word="One">One</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="guess">guess</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reward">reward</span> <span word="present">present</span><span word="day">day</span> <span word="innovation">innovation</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="tombstone">tombstone</span> <span word="awards">awards</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Galileo">Galileo</span>，<span word="Hippocrates">Hippocrates</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="centuries">centuries</span> <span word="past">past</span>.</p><p> <span word="But">But</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="involved">involved</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="one">one</span><span word="year">year</span> <span word="timing">timing</span> <span word="proved">proved</span> <span word="impractical">impractical</span>；<span word="scientific">scientific</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="testede">testede</span> <span word="award">award</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="people">people</span>；<span word="that">that</span> <span word="rule">rule</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="formal">formal</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1970<span word="s">s</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rule">rule</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="posthumous">posthumous</span> <span word="awards">awards</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="violated">violated</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="times">times</span>—<span word="most">most</span> <span word="recently">recently</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="monthkefeller">monthkefeller</span> <span word="University">University</span>，<span word="who">who</span> <span word="died">died</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="election">election</span>.<span word="His">His</span> <span word="discovery">discovery</span>，<span word="called">called</span> <span word="dendritic">dendritic</span> <span word="cells">cells</span>，<span word="took">took</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1973.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="posthumous">posthumous</span> <span word="winner">winner</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="poet">poet</span> <span word="Erik">Erik</span> <span word="Karlfeldt">Karlfeldt</span>.<span word="Karlfeldt">Karlfeldt</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="refused">refused</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="selection">selection</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1918 <span word="because">because</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="longtime">longtime</span> <span word="member">member</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Swedish">Swedish</span> <span word="Nobel">Nobel</span> <span word="Academy">Academy</span>.<span word="When">When</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="selected">selected</span> <span word="again">again</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1931，<span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="died">died</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="April">April</span>.</p><p> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="happens">happens</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="candidate">candidate</span> <span word="dies">dies</span>? <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Nobel">Nobel</span> <span word="Foundation">Foundation</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="consider">consider</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span>.<span word="One">One</span> <span word="possibility">possibility</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="withhold">withhold</span> (阻止) <span word="the">the</span> <span word="announcement">announcement</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="award">award</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Nobel">Nobel</span> <span word="official">official</span> <span word="hears">hears</span> <span word="the">the</span> 【文章大意】 诺贝尔奖是一个国际奖项用来奖励前一年在科学上取得重大发现的人。诺贝尔基金会明确说明这个奖项只颁给活着的人但科学发现需要时间来检验。诺贝尔奖能颁给死去的人吗？或许诺贝尔奖需要一些变1．<span word="What">What</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="Alfred">Alfred</span> <span word="Nobel">Nobel</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="prizes">prizes</span> <span word="for">for</span>?</p>
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