2017届高考英语（课标全国）一轮复习课件：语法突破 第6讲
<p> 要点 典句示例 动词不定式 宾 语</p><p> 不定式作宾语时，往往跟在某些及物动词后面。常见的有：<span word="afford">afford</span>，<span word="agree">agree</span>，<span word="ask">ask</span>，<span word="decide">decide</span>，<span word="desire">desire</span>，<span word="pretend">pretend</span>，<span word="plan">plan</span>，<span word="intend">intend</span>，<span word="refuse">refuse</span>，<span word="wish">wish</span>等 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> <span word="pretended">pretended</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="fallen">fallen</span> <span word="asleep">asleep</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="refused">refused</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="back">back</span>. 不定式在介词<span word="but">but</span>，<span word="except">except</span>，<span word="besides">besides</span>后面时，如果介词之前有动词<span word="do">do</span>的某种形式，则后接不带<span word="to">to</span>的不定式，否则带<span word="to">to</span>。此外，<span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="choose">choose</span> <span word="but">but</span>和<span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="but">but</span>，<span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="but">but</span>等后面的不定式也省略<span word="to">to</span> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="wait">wait</span>. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="choice">choice</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="wait">wait</span>. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="can">can</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="choose">choose</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="wait">wait</span>. 要点 典句示例 动词不定式 宾 语</p><p> 不定式作动词的宾语，其后跟补足语时，常用<span word="it">it</span>作形式宾语，而把不定式后置 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rule">rule</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="tai">tai</span> <span word="chi">chi</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="morning">morning</span>. <span word="tell">tell</span>，<span word="show">show</span>，<span word="understand">understand</span>，<span word="know">know</span>，<span word="explain">explain</span>，<span word="teach">teach</span>，<span word="advise">advise</span>，<span word="discuss">discuss</span>等动词可跟“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语。“疑问词＋不定式”也可作主语、表语，相当于名词性从句 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="showed">showed</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="hasn">hasn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="decided">decided</span>. 要点 典句示例 动词不定式 定 语 不定式作定语时，须放在被修饰的名词或代词后面作后置定语，不定式和所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，如果不定式是不及物动词，后面就要有相应的介词 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="attend">attend</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="nice">nice</span> <span word="pen">pen</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="write">write</span> <span word="with">with</span>. 不定式可用在名词、代词、序数词(<span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span>等)、<span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span>和形容词最高级等后面作后置定语，不定式与被修饰的词有逻辑上的主谓关系 <span word="She">She</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="school">school</span>. 说明所修饰的名词的内容，与该词存在同位关系。常用于<span word="chance">chance</span>，<span word="opportunity">opportunity</span>，<span word="time">time</span>，<span word="money">money</span>，<span word="decision">decision</span>，<span word="refusal">refusal</span>，<span word="wish">wish</span>，<span word="right">right</span>等词后 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="promise">promise</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="month">month</span>. 动词不定式 宾语补足语</p>
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