英语北师大版一轮复习讲练：Part II 语法部分 专题11 情态动词和虚拟语气
<p> 专题十一 情态动词和虚拟语气</p><p> 情态动词</p><p> 一、定义</p><p> 情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。</p><p> 二、特点</p><p> 1．有一定词义；</p><p> 2．不受主语人称和数的变化影响；</p><p> 3．与主要动词的原形(或称不带<span word="to">to</span>的不定式)一起构成谓语(除<span word="ought">ought</span> <span word="to">to</span>作固定词组看待)。</p><p> 情态动词无人称和数的变化， 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 “<span word="not">not</span>”。 个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式， 过去式用来表达更加客气， 委婉的语气， 时态性不强， 可用于过去，现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。</p><p> 基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想。</p><p> 三、用法</p><p> 1．<span word="can">can</span> (<span word="could">could</span>)</p><p> <span word="Everyone">Everyone</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="English">English</span>. (表能力)</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> / <span word="couldn">couldn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="there">there</span>. (表猜测)</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="gone">gone</span> <span word="home">home</span>. (表猜测)</p><p> <span word="Could">Could</span> / <span word="Can">Can</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="pen">pen</span>?</p><p> <span word="Yes">Yes</span>, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="course">course</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="can">can</span>. (表允许)</p><p> <span word="How">How</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="careless">careless</span>? (表怀疑、惊异，主要用于否定、疑问句)</p>
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