英语北师大版一轮复习讲练：Part II 语法部分 专题8 定语从句
<p> 专题八</p><p> 定语从句</p><p> 一、概念</p><p> 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="who">who</span> / <span word="whom">whom</span> / <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="visited">visited</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="famous">famous</span> <span word="artist">artist</span>.</p><p> 其中所饰名词即<span word="the">the</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="man">man</span> 称为先行词， 引导定语从句并在其中充当句子一个成分的词称为关系词(如上句中的<span word="who">who</span> / <span word="whom">whom</span> / <span word="that">that</span>)。关系词的用法与选择须考虑它在定语从句中的成分。下面分类讲解它们的用法。</p><p> 二、用法</p><p> 定语从句常用引导词有：<span word="that">that</span>, <span word="which">which</span>, <span word="who">who</span>, <span word="whose">whose</span>, <span word="as">as</span>, <span word="where">where</span>, <span word="when">when</span>, <span word="why">why</span>。</p><p> 1．<span word="that">that</span> 指人或物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略)</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="written">written</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Lu">Lu</span> <span word="Xun">Xun</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="student">student</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="won">won</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="prize">prize</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="monitor">monitor</span>.</p><p> 2．<span word="which">which</span> 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略)</p><p> <span word="These">These</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trees">trees</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="planted">planted</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="year">year</span>.</p><p> <span word="Is">Is</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="library">library</span> (<span word="which">which</span>) <span word="you">you</span> <span word="borrow">borrow</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="from">from</span>?</p><p> 3．<span word="who">who</span>指人，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略)</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="visited">visited</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Brown">Brown</span>.</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="with">with</span>.</p><p> 4．<span word="whose">whose</span> 指人或物，作定语，表示“……的”，可转换为“<span word="of">of</span> ＋关系代词”。</p><p> <span word="Miss">Miss</span> <span word="Wang">Wang</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="care">care</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="gone">gone</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span>.</p>
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