2015届高三英语一轮学以致用训练：专题复习12（北师大版）
<p> [学 以 致 用] Ⅰ.根据句意填入适当关系词，并体会关系词的功能意义。 1．(2017·课标Ⅱ，4)<span word="When">When</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span>，<span word="Bryan">Bryan</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="house">house</span>________<span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="staying">staying</span>. 答案 <span word="where">where</span> [句意：当我到达时，<span word="Bryan">Bryan</span>带我去看了我将要住的房子。先行词<span word="the">the</span> <span word="house">house</span>表示地点，还原到从句中为：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="staying">staying</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="house">house</span>.故应使用关系副词<span word="where">where</span>引导定语从句。] 2．(2017·北京，27)<span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="setting">setting</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="parks">parks</span>________<span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="protected">protected</span>. 答案 <span word="where">where</span> [句意：很多国家现在都在建立国家公园，在那里动物和植物能够受到保护。先行词为<span word="national">national</span> <span word="parks">parks</span>，代入从句中为：<span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="parks">parks</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="protected">protected</span>.应该使用表示地点的关系副词<span word="where">where</span>。] 3．(2017·天津，6)<span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="launched">launched</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="man">man</span><span word="made">made</span> <span word="satellite">satellite</span>，________<span word="is">is</span> <span word="announced">announced</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="today">today</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="newspaper">newspaper</span>. 答案 <span word="which">which</span> [句意：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这件事是在今天的报纸上宣布的。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面一句话，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用<span word="which">which</span>引导。] 4．(2017·重庆，24)<span word="John">John</span> <span word="invited">invited</span> <span word="about">about</span> 40 <span word="people">people</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="wedding">wedding</span>，<span word="most">most</span> <span word="of">of</span> ________ <span word="are">are</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="members">members</span>. 答案 <span word="whom">whom</span> [句意：约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼，他们当中绝大部分是家庭成员。在定语从句中如果介词放在关系代词之前，且先行词指人时，从句中关系代词只能使用<span word="whom">whom</span>。] 5．(2017·山东，31)<span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="simple">simple</span> <span word="answer">answer</span>，________<span word="is">is</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="science">science</span>. 答案 <span word="as">as</span> [句意：科学经常就是这样的，它没有一个简单的答案。考查定语从句。空格处的引导词在从句中作主语，并引导非限制性定语从句。] 6．(2017·山东，35)<span word="Finally">Finally</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="reached">reached</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lonely">lonely</span> <span word="island">island</span>________<span word="was">was</span> <span word="completely">completely</span> <span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="world">world</span>. 答案 <span word="which">which</span>/<span word="that">that</span> [句意：他最后到了一座完全与外面世界隔绝的孤岛上。定语从句修饰的先行词是<span word="island">island</span>，将先行词代入定语从句后为：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="island">island</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="completely">completely</span> <span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="world">world</span>.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语，且先行词表示“物”，可以用<span word="which">which</span>或<span word="that">that</span>。] 7．(2017·浙江，13)<span word="The">The</span> <span word="museum">museum</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="spring">spring</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="exhibition">exhibition</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="viewing">viewing</span> <span word="platform">platform</span> ________ <span word="visitors">visitors</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="watch">watch</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="glass">glass</span><span word="houses">houses</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="built">built</span>. 答案 <span word="where">where</span> [句意：博物馆将在春天开放，届时将有一个展览和一个观光平台。参观者可以从这个平台观看正在建设的大温室(玻璃暖房)。先行词为<span word="platform">platform</span>，代入定语从句后为：<span word="Visitors">Visitors</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="watch">watch</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="glass">glass</span><span word="houses">houses</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="built">built</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="platform">platform</span>.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用<span word="where">where</span>。] 8．(2017·福建，27)<span word="The">The</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="tells">tells</span> <span word="stories">stories</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="earthquake">earthquake</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="eyes">eyes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> ________ <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="affected">affected</span>. 答案 <span word="whose">whose</span> [句意：这本书从遭受地震影响的人们的视角讲述地震的故事。将先行词<span word="those">those</span>代入定语从句后为：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="affected">affected</span>.由此可知先行词在从句中和<span word="lives">lives</span>是所属关系，从句中缺少定语，故答案为<span word="whose">whose</span>。] 9．(2017·辽宁，34)<span word="He">He</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="win">win</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="competition">competition</span>，<span word="in">in</span>________ <span word="case">case</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="team">team</span>. 答案 <span word="which">which</span> [句意：他有可能赢得这次比赛，在这种情况下，他有希望进入到国家队。句子可改为：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="win">win</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="competition">competition</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="team">team</span>.去掉并列连词<span word="and">and</span>，用<span word="which">which</span>换掉<span word="that">that</span>的位置而引导定语从句。] 10．(2017·江苏，32)<span word="The">The</span> <span word="president">president</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="World">World</span> <span word="Bank">Bank</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="passion">passion</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="China">China</span>，________<span word="he">he</span> <span word="remembers">remembers</span> <span word="starting">starting</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="childhood">childhood</span>. 答案 <span word="which">which</span> [句意：世界银行主席说他对中国有一种情结，他记得这种情结始于他的儿童时代。先行词是<span word="a">a</span> <span word="passion">passion</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="China">China</span>，且在定语从句中作<span word="start">start</span>的宾语，要用关系代词，在非限制性定语从句中用<span word="which">which</span>。] 11．(2017·安徽，29)<span word="Mo">Mo</span> <span word="Yan">Yan</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="awarded">awarded</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Nobel">Nobel</span> <span word="Prize">Prize</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Literature">Literature</span> <span word="in">in</span> 2017, ________<span word="made">made</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="people">people</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="long">long</span><span word="held">held</span> <span word="dreams">dreams</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="true">true</span>. 答案 <span word="which">which</span> [句意：莫言被授予2017年诺贝尔文学奖，这使中国人长久以来拥有的梦想之一变成现实。<span word="which">which</span>引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句。] 12．(2017·湖南，21)<span word="Happiness">Happiness</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="success">success</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="those">those</span>________<span word="are">are</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="recognizing">recognizing</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="strengths">strengths</span>. 答案 <span word="who">who</span> [句意：幸福和成功经常青睐那些善于意识到自己长处的人。先行词为<span word="those">those</span>，将先行词代入定语从句后为：<span word="Those">Those</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="recognizing">recognizing</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="strengths">strengths</span>.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作主语，且表示“人”，故用<span word="who">who</span>。] 13．(2017·四川，9)<span word="Nowadays">Nowadays</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="concerned">concerned</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="environment">environment</span>________<span word="they">they</span> <span word="live">live</span>. 答案 <span word="where">where</span> [句意：现在人们更加关心他们居住的环境。先行词是<span word="environment">environment</span>，将先行词代入定语从句后为：<span word="They">They</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="environment">environment</span>.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用<span word="where">where</span>引导。] 14．(2017·江西，33)<span word="He">He</span> <span word="wrote">wrote</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="letter">letter</span> ________ <span word="he">he</span> <span word="explained">explained</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="happened">happened</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="accident">accident</span>. 答案 <span word="where">where</span> [句意：他写了一封信，信中他解释了事故中发生了什么。将先行词<span word="letter">letter</span>代入从句为：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="explained">explained</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="happened">happened</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="accident">accident</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="letter">letter</span>.由此可知从句中缺少状语，应该用关系副词<span word="where">where</span>，相当于<span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span>。] 15．(2017·全国Ⅱ，8)<span word="That">That</span> <span word="evening">evening</span>，________<span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="later">later</span>，<span word="I">I</span> <span word="ended">ended</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="late">late</span>. 答案 <span word="which">which</span> [句意：稍后我会告诉你更多关于那晚的事，那晚我工作到很晚。先行词为<span word="That">That</span> <span word="evening">evening</span>，将先行词代入定语从句后为：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="evening">evening</span> <span word="later">later</span>.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作<span word="about">about</span>的宾语，且表示“物”，故用<span word="which">which</span>引导。本题易误填<span word="when">when</span>，考生只看到先行词为表示时间的名词，但没有注意先行词在定语从句中的功能。] Ⅱ.语篇填空在设空处填入一个适当的关系代词或关系副词，使文章结构完整，语意通顺。 <span word="There">There</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="time">time</span> __1__ <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="tired">tired</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="disliked">disliked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="English">English</span>.<span word="And">And</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> __2__ <span word="my">my</span> <span word="father">father</span> <span word="forced">forced</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="join">join</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> 30<span word="day">day</span> <span word="training">training</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="club">club</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="senior">senior</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="school">school</span>.<span word="When">When</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="club">club</span>，__3__ <span word="I">I</span> <span word="met">met</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="strangers">strangers</span>，<span word="I">I</span> <span word="missed">missed</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="much">much</span>.<span word="So">So</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="packed">packed</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="home">home</span>.<span word="Fortunately">Fortunately</span>，<span word="my">my</span> <span word="guide">guide</span> __4__ <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="Li">Li</span> <span word="Yang">Yang</span>，<span word="communicated">communicated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="face">face</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="face">face</span>，<span word="from">from</span> __5__ <span word="I">I</span> <span word="gained">gained</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="useful">useful</span> <span word="instructions">instructions</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="showed">showed</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="partner">partner</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="other">other</span>.<span word="Gradually">Gradually</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="adapted">adapted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="there">there</span>.<span word="Every">Every</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="talk">talk</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="teenagers">teenagers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="series">series</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="activities">activities</span> __6__ <span word="we">we</span> <span word="did">did</span>.<span word="My">My</span> <span word="father">father</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="guide">guide</span> __7__ <span word="encouraged">encouraged</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="love">love</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="appreciated">appreciated</span>.<span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="feel">feel</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="interesting">interesting</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="English">English</span>，<span word="into">into</span> __8__ <span word="I">I</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="entire">entire</span> <span word="energy">energy</span>.<span word="Every">Every</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="passages">passages</span> <span word="aloud">aloud</span>.<span word="In">In</span> <span word="class">class</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="join">join</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="discussions">discussions</span>.<span word="Before">Before</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>，<span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="recall">recall</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="passages">passages</span>，<span word="through">through</span> __9__ <span word="I">I</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="memorize">memorize</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="words">words</span>.__10__ <span word="our">our</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="says">says</span>，“<span word="As">As</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="habit">habit</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="perseverance">perseverance</span>，<span word="we">we</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="conquer">conquer</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="sooner">sooner</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="later">later</span>.” 答案 1.<span word="when">when</span> 2.<span word="why">why</span> 3.<span word="where">where</span> 4.<span word="whose">whose</span> 5.<span word="whom">whom</span> 6．<span word="that">that</span>/<span word="which">which</span> 7.<span word="who">who</span>/<span word="that">that</span> 8.<span word="which">which</span> 9.<span word="which">which</span> 10.<span word="As">As</span></p>
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