（通用版）2017届高考英语一轮语法填空和短文改错专题复习课件：第8讲 定语从句
<p> 核心考点 栏目导引 高频考 点突破 专题针 对训练 课堂达 标训练 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 核心考点 栏目导引 高频考 点突破 专题针 对训练 课堂达 标训练 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 核心考点 栏目导引 高频考 点突破 专题针 对训练 课堂达 标训练 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 目 录 <span word="CONTENTS">CONTENTS</span> 核心考点 栏目导引 高频考 点突破 专题针 对训练 课堂达 标训练 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 七、定语从句 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 [命题分析] 定语从句是高考考查的热点。在语法填空题和短文改错题中主要考查：关系代词和关系副词的正确使用；“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时介词或关系代词的选用等。在语法填空题中一般都会涉及定语从句的考查，且考查形式为无提示词型填空。在短文改错题中主要涉及：(1)关系代词与关系副词的误用；(2)“介词＋关系代词”中介词的误用或关系代词的误用；(3)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句在关系代词上的误用；(4)句子成分的赘余；(5)定语从句与其他从句的混淆而产生的错误等。 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系 代词 关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用 <span word="who">who</span> 人 主语、宾语 <span word="whom">whom</span> 人 宾语 <span word="which">which</span> 物 主语、宾语 <span word="that">that</span> 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 <span word="whose">whose</span> 人或物 定语 <span word="as">as</span> 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 关系 代词 <span word="that">that</span>和 <span word="which">which</span>的 用法 区别 只用<span word="that">that</span> 不用<span word="which">which</span> 的情况 先行词是<span word="all">all</span>，<span word="few">few</span>，<span word="little">little</span>，<span word="much">much</span>，<span word="something">something</span>，<span word="anything">anything</span>，<span word="nothing">nothing</span>等不定代词时 先行词被<span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="very">very</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span>，<span word="all">all</span>等修饰时 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 先行词既有人又有物时 只用<span word="which">which</span>不用<span word="that">that</span> 的情况 引导非限制性定语从句时 关系代词指物，且前有介词时 关系代 词<span word="as">as</span>和 <span word="which">which</span>的 区别 <span word="as">as</span>引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、 后， <span word="as">as</span>常译为“正如……，正像……”。从句的谓语动词多为<span word="see">see</span>，<span word="know">know</span>，<span word="expect">expect</span>，<span word="say">say</span>， <span word="mention">mention</span>，<span word="report">report</span>等。 <span word="which">which</span>引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时，只能置于主句后，常译为“这一点，这件事”等，<span word="which">which</span>引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系。 ♦(2015·高考福建卷)<span word="China">China</span> <span word="Today">Today</span> <span word="attracts">attracts</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="worldwide">worldwide</span> <span word="readership">readership</span>，<span word="which">which</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="China">China</span>.《中国日报》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。 ♦(2017·高考陕西卷)<span word="Please">Please</span> <span word="send">send</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="candidate">candidate</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="position">position</span>.请把你有的有关申请那个职位的人的所有信息发给我们。 ♦(2017·高考山东卷)<span word="A">A</span> <span word="company">company</span> <span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="profits">profits</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="markets">markets</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="declining">declining</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="seek">seek</span> <span word="opportunities">opportunities</span> <span word="abroad">abroad</span>.一家在国内市场利润下降的公司可能会去国外谋求机会。 ♦ <span word="As">As</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="children">children</span>，<span word="Amy">Amy</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="doctor">doctor</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span>.正如孩子们常有的情况一样，医生到的时候<span word="Amy">Amy</span>就好了。 易错警示 (1)<span word="whom">whom</span>，<span word="which">which</span>，<span word="that">that</span>在从句中作宾语时可省略；但介词提前时不能省略，也不能用<span word="that">that</span>； (2)<span word="as">as</span>用在限制性定语从句中时，先行词必须有<span word="such">such</span>，<span word="so">so</span>，<span word="as">as</span> 或<span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span>等修饰，且<span word="as">as</span>在从句中作宾语时不能省略。 (3)定语从句中的主谓一致：①关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数与先行词保持一致。②“(<span word="the">the</span>)</p>
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