2016届高考英语二轮题型专题方略课件：专题1 阅读理解 第5讲 篇章结构题（通用版）
<p> 栏目导引 高频考 点突破 专题针 对训练 课堂达 标训练 专题一 阅读理解 第五讲 篇章结构题 专题一 阅读理解 [命题分析] 《考试大纲》明确要求考生“理解文章的基本结构”。高考对文章结构的考查主要涉及两个层次：一是按段落的组织方法理解文章的结构，二是按写作方法(论证方法)理解文章的结构。把握文章的基本结构有利于理解文章的主题。篇章结构题属于较高层次的考查，重在考查对整个文章内在逻辑关系的理解，对文章结构的清晰认识及对文中举例的目的等，看考生对整篇文章的整体理解如何。因此，把握全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系对理解文章的基本结构会有很大帮助。 专题一 阅读理解 按段落的组织方法理解文章的结构 文章的体裁有记叙文、说明文和议论文等，不同体裁的文章的组织方法是不同的。文章结构题主要考查考生在理解全文的基础上对文章所描述的事件的发展顺序、所说明事物的结构层次或在论述观点过程中使用的论证方法进行推测、归纳和总结的能力。主要设题形式： <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="organization">organization</span>/<span word="structure">structure</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="passage">passage</span>? <span word="How">How</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="passage">passage</span> <span word="organized">organized</span>? <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="structure">structure</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="passage">passage</span>?</p><p> (2015·高考北京卷) <span word="Technological">Technological</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="everywhere">everywhere</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="affects">affects</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="aspect">aspect</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="life">life</span>，<span word="mostly">mostly</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="better">better</span>.<span word="However">However</span>，<span word="social">social</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="brought">brought</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="mistaken">mistaken</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="attitudes">attitudes</span>. <span word="An">An</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="hand">hand</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="involvement">involvement</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="attending">attending</span> <span word="college">college</span>.<span word="Surveys">Surveys</span> (调查) <span word="on">on</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="topic">topic</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="continue">continue</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> “<span word="very">very</span>” <span word="or">or</span> “<span word="somewhat">somewhat</span>” <span word="overly">overly</span><span word="protective">protective</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="dormitories">dormitories</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="surveys">surveys</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="indicate">indicate</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="parental">parental</span> <span word="involvement">involvement</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="generation">generation</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>.<span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="interpreted">interpreted</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sign">sign</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="today">today</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="manage">manage</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="behavior">behavior</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="appropriate">appropriate</span>. <span word="However">However</span>，<span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="parental">parental</span> <span word="involvement">involvement</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="necessarily">necessarily</span> <span word="indicate">indicate</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="failing">failing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="let">let</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> “<span word="adult">adult</span>” <span word="children">children</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="context">context</span> (背景) <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="discussion">discussion</span>，<span word="it">it</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="valuable">valuable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="parents">parents</span>’ <span word="involvement">involvement</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="grown">grown</span> <span word="children">children</span>.<span word="If">If</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span> <span word="generations">generations</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="touch">touch</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="college">college</span><span word="age">age</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="frequently">frequently</span>，<span word="would">would</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="possible">possible</span>？<span word="Probably">Probably</span> <span word="not">not</span>.<span word="On">On</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>，<span word="does">does</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="possibility">possibility</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="frequent">frequent</span> <span word="communication">communication</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="mean">mean</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="urge">urge</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="wasn">wasn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="present">present</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="generation">generation</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>？<span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="older">older</span> <span word="parents">parents</span>—<span word="today">today</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="grandparents">grandparents</span>—<span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="barrier">barrier</span>. <span word="Furthermore">Furthermore</span>，<span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="finances">finances</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="frequent">frequent</span> <span word="subject">subject</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="communication">communication</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="children">children</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="financially">financially</span> <span word="dependent">dependent</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="new">new</span>；<span word="nor">nor</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="requests">requests</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="sent">sent</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="home">home</span>.<span word="This">This</span> <span word="phenomenon">phenomenon</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="neither">neither</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="nor">nor</span> <span word="bad">bad</span>；<span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="life">life</span>，<span word="today">today</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span>. <span word="Thanks">Thanks</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="advanced">advanced</span> <span word="technology">technology</span>，<span word="we">we</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="bettered">bettered</span> <span word="communication">communication</span>.<span word="This">This</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="implications">implications</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="beyond">beyond</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="college">college</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="useful">useful</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bear">bear</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="imagined">imagined</span> <span word="desire">desire</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="wings">wings</span>. <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="passage">passage</span>?_________</p>
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