2016届高考英语二轮题型专题方略课件：专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第3讲 语法专题 1 名词和冠词（通用版）
<p> 2．(2015·安徽宿州泗县双语中学期末改编)<span word="Li">Li</span> <span word="Hua">Hua</span> <span word="has">has</span> ________ <span word="good">good</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="advantage">advantage</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="finding">finding</span> ________ <span word="proper">proper</span> <span word="job">job</span>. 解析：句意：李华精通英语，这将是他在找合适的工作方面优于别人的地方。<span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="of">of</span> 表示“精通……；掌握……”；<span word="a">a</span> <span word="proper">proper</span> <span word="job">job</span>表示“一项合适的工 作”，两个空均用不定冠词。 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="a">a</span> 3．<span word="Being">Being</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="afford">afford</span> ________ <span word="drink">drink</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> ________ <span word="comfort">comfort</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="tough">tough</span> <span word="times">times</span>. 解析：句意：在那些艰难的岁月里，能够买得起一杯饮料是一件令人安慰的事情。<span word="drink">drink</span>为动词转化而来的名词，所以用不定冠词<span word="a">a</span>；<span word="comfort">comfort</span>在此表示一件具体的事，属于抽象名词具体化，故也用不定冠词<span word="a">a</span>。 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="a">a</span> 1．定冠词的基本用法。 (1)指双方都知道的人或物，或特指的人或物的名词前。 ♦(2015·高考重庆卷)<span word="I">I</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bank">bank</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="Dora">Dora</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="robbed">robbed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="gunman">gunman</span> <span word="wearing">wearing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mask">mask</span>.我刚刚听说多拉工作的那家银行被一名持枪蒙面人抢劫了。 ♦—<span word="Did">Did</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="enjoy">enjoy</span> <span word="yourself">yourself</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span>？你昨天玩得开心吗？ —<span word="Yes">Yes</span>，<span word="as">as</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="know">know</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="party">party</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pleasant">pleasant</span> <span word="atmosphere">atmosphere</span>.是的，正如你所知，晚会是在愉快的气氛中进行 的。</p><p> 定 冠 词 (2)用于某些形容词或分词前，表示一类人。 ♦ <span word="The">The</span> <span word="poor">poor</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Africa">Africa</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="suffering">suffering</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="hunger">hunger</span>.非洲的穷人仍然遭受着饥饿之苦。 (3)用于序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前，以及对两个人或物进行比较时起特定作用的比较级前。 ♦ <span word="Yang">Yang</span> <span word="Liwei">Liwei</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="space">space</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span>.在中国杨利伟是第一个登上太空的人。 ♦ <span word="This">This</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="two">two</span>.这本书是这两者中较好的那一本。 ♦ <span word="Of">Of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="boys">boys</span>，<span word="Alan">Alan</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="student">student</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="speaks">speaks</span> <span word="Spanish">Spanish</span>.在所有男孩中，艾伦的西班牙语说得最好。 易错警示 （1）<span word="only">only</span>，<span word="very">very</span>，<span word="same">same</span>，<span word="main">main</span> 等形容词修饰名词时，前面也用定冠词<span word="the">the</span>。 ♦<span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="expensive">expensive</span> <span word="dress">dress</span> <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="ve">ve</span> <span word="got">got</span>.这是我唯一一件贵的连衣裙。 （2）<span word="a">a</span>与<span word="most">most</span>连用，位于形容词前时，<span word="most">most</span>是表示程度的副词，意为“非常”；<span word="the">the</span>与<span word="most">most</span>连用，位于形容词或副词前时，<span word="most">most</span>是最高级的标志，意为“最……的”。 ♦<span word="Historical">Historical</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="serve">serve</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="source">source</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="information">information</span>.历史经验能充当一种非常重要的信息来源。</p>
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