2016届高考英语二轮题型专题方略课件:专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第3讲 语法专题 3 形容词和副词(通用版)
<p> [即时训练] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.<span word="It">It</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="suggestion">suggestion</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="a">a</span> ____________(<span word="good">good</span>)<span word="one">one</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="forward">forward</span>,<span word="we">we</span>’<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="it">it</span>. 解析:句意:它或许不是一个好建议,但在有更好的建议之前,我们先凑合一下。此处暗含比较,表示“一条更好的建议”。 <span word="better">better</span> 2.(2016·安徽江南十校联考改编)—<span word="I">I</span> <span word="watched">watched</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="film">film</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="mentioned">mentioned</span>. —<span word="Isn">Isn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="cool">cool</span>? —<span word="Absolutely">Absolutely</span>.<span word="It">It</span> <span word="can">can</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="much">much</span> ____________(<span word="good">good</span>). 解析:句意:——我看你提及的那部电影了。——你不觉得很棒吗?——绝对是,没有比这更好的了。本题考查“否定词+比较级”表示最高级。也可根据设空处前有<span word="much">much</span>修饰可知,应用形容词的比较级形式。 <span word="better">better</span> 3.<span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="joy">joy</span>,<span word="Jane">Jane</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="no">no</span> ____________ (<span word="bad">bad</span>) <span word="than">than</span> <span word="Tom">Tom</span>. 解析:句意:汤姆的计算机学得很好,使我高兴的是,简做得和他一样好。“<span word="no">no</span>+比较级+<span word="than">than</span>”是固定搭配,意为“和……一样不”。本句中有<span word="no">no</span>,所以填<span word="worse">worse</span>成为双重否定,意为“和……一样好”。 <span word="worse">worse</span> Ⅱ.单句改错 1.<span word="It">It</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="plant">plant</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="twice">twice</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span>. ____________________________________________________ 解析:本题考查倍数表达法。 句意:据说这个发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。根据倍数表达法:<span word="A">A</span> <span word="is">is</span>+倍数+比较级+<span word="than">than</span>+<span word="B">B</span>或<span word="A">A</span> <span word="is">is</span>+倍数+<span word="as">as</span>+原级+<span word="as">as</span>+<span word="B">B</span>。所以本题需将<span word="much">much</span>改为<span word="as">as</span>。 <span word="much">much</span>—<span word="as">as</span> 2.<span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="online">online</span> <span word="shopping">shopping</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="convenient">convenient</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="goods">goods</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="cheap">cheap</span>. ____________________________________________________ 解析:句意:有些人认为网购更方便,商品更便宜。根据前面的“<span word="more">more</span> <span word="convenient">convenient</span>”可知此处应用比较级形式。 <span word="cheap">cheap</span>—<span word="cheaper">cheaper</span> 形容词和副词的词形变化及词性转换是形容词和副词的考查热点。如果用来修饰名词或在系动词后作表语,应用形容词形式;如果用来修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子,则应用副词形式。正确分析句子结构,判断设空处在句中所作的句子成分,并牢记转换形容词和副词的规则及构词法,是解答此类题目的关键。 形容词和副词的词性转换 1.常见的形容词后缀。 (1)<span word="able">able</span>: <span word="reasonable">reasonable</span>,<span word="comfortable">comfortable</span>,<span word="enjoyable">enjoyable</span>,<span word="suitable">suitable</span>,<span word="adjustable">adjustable</span>; (2)<span word="al">al</span>: <span word="natural">natural</span>,<span word="additional">additional</span>,<span word="educational">educational</span>,<span word="traditional">traditional</span>,<span word="national">national</span>; (3)<span word="ant">ant</span> /<span word="ent">ent</span>: <span word="significant">significant</span>,<span word="important">important</span>,<span word="excellent">excellent</span>,<span word="different">different</span>,<span word="convenient">convenient</span>; (4)<span word="ish">ish</span>:<span word="foolish">foolish</span>,<span word="selfish">selfish</span>,<span word="childish">childish</span>; (5)<span word="ive">ive</span>:<span word="active">active</span>,<span word="impressive">impressive</span>,<span word="decisive">decisive</span>,<span word="attractive">attractive</span>,<span word="effective">effective</span>,<span word="instructive">instructive</span>; (6)<span word="ly">ly</span>:<span word="manly">manly</span>,<span word="scholarly">scholarly</span>,<span word="friendly">friendly</span>,<span word="lively">lively</span>,<span word="deadly">deadly</span>; (7)<span word="ful">ful</span>:<span word="beautiful">beautiful</span>,<span word="wonderful">wonderful</span>,<span word="helpful">helpful</span>,<span word="useful">useful</span>,<span word="successful">successful</span>,<span word="meaningful">meaningful</span>,<span word="thankful">thankful</span>,<span word="powerful">powerful</span>; (8)<span word="ous">ous</span>:<span word="dangerous">dangerous</span>,<span word="generous">generous</span>,<span word="courageous">courageous</span>,<span word="various">various</span>; (9)<span word="less">less</span>:<span word="endless">endless</span>,<span word="aimless">aimless</span>,<span word="powerless">powerless</span>; (10)<span word="y">y</span>:<span word="sunny">sunny</span>,<span word="windy">windy</span>,<span word="funny">funny</span>,<span word="cloudy">cloudy</span>,<span word="rainy">rainy</span>,<span word="healthy">healthy</span>,<span word="wealthy">wealthy</span>; (11)<span word="d">d</span>/<span word="ed">ed</span>:<span word="united">united</span>,<span word="organized">organized</span>,<span word="closed">closed</span>,<span word="wounded">wounded</span>,<span word="developed">developed</span>,<span word="appreciated">appreciated</span>,<span word="used">used</span>,<span word="crowded">crowded</span>,<span word="polluted">polluted</span>,<span word="worried">worried</span>,<span word="married">married</span>,<span word="terrified">terrified</span>,<span word="satisfied">satisfied</span>; (12)<span word="ing">ing</span>:<span word="developing">developing</span>,<span word="living">living</span>,<span word="sleeping">sleeping</span>. 2.形容词转换为副词的变化规则。 情况 变化规则 例词 一般情况 以<span word="y">y</span>结尾的形容词 辅音字母+<span word="e">e</span>结尾的形容词 在词尾加<span word="ly">ly</span> <span word="kind">kind</span>—<span word="kindly">kindly</span></p>
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