2016届高考英语二轮题型专题方略课件：专题4 语法填空和短文改错 第3讲 语法专题 9 并列句和状语从句（通用版）
<p> 结果状 语从句 地点状 语从句 方式状 语从句 比较状 语从句 <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span>，<span word="so">so</span>...<span word="that">that</span>...，<span word="such">such</span>...<span word="that">that</span>... <span word="where">where</span>，<span word="wherever">wherever</span> <span word="as">as</span>(正如，正像)，<span word="as">as</span> <span word="if">if</span>/<span word="as">as</span> <span word="though">though</span>(好像) <span word="than">than</span>，<span word="as">as</span>...<span word="as">as</span>...，<span word="not">not</span> <span word="as">as</span>/<span word="so">so</span>...<span word="as">as</span>... ♦(2015·高考北京卷)<span word="You">You</span> <span word="won">won</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="paper">paper</span> <span word="cutting">cutting</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="practicing">practicing</span> <span word="it">it</span>.只要你不断练习，你不会觉得剪纸很难。 ♦(2015·高考浙江卷)<span word="Just">Just</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="word">word</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sentence">sentence</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="sentence">sentence</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span>.正如单个单词可以改变一句话的意思 那样，单个句子也能改变一段文字的意思。 ♦(2017·高考四川卷)<span word="I">I</span>’<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="time">time</span>.<span word="In">In</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="anything">anything</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="happens">happens</span>，<span word="call">call</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="immediately">immediately</span>.我要出去一会 儿。发生任何重要的事情，立刻给我打电话。 ♦ <span word="The">The</span> <span word="police">police</span> <span word="officers">officers</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rest">rest</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="safe">safe</span> <span word="life">life</span>.我们市里的警察努力工作是为了能让我们过安全的生活。 ♦ <span word="Today">Today</span>，<span word="we">we</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="stopped">stopped</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="out">out</span>.今天我们将在昨天停止的地方开始，为的是不漏掉知识点。 易错警示 <span word="as">as</span> <span word="if">if</span>/<span word="as">as</span> <span word="though">though</span>引导的方式状语从句与事实相反时，从句通常用虚拟语气：与现在的情况相反时，用过去时；与过去情况相反时，用过去完成时；与将来情况相反时，用<span word="would">would</span>/<span word="could">could</span>/<span word="might">might</span>＋动词原形。 [即时训练]</p><p> 单句语法填空 1．(高考湖南卷改编)<span word="You">You</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="gain">gain</span> <span word="success">success</span> ____________<span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="fully">fully</span> <span word="devoted">devoted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="work">work</span>. 解析：句意：除非你全心全意地去工作，否则你将永远不会获得成功。从句和主句之间是条件关系，也就是获得成功的前提是“全心全意地去工作”，所以用<span word="unless">unless</span>(除非)引导条件状语从句。 <span word="unless">unless</span> 2．<span word="Cathy">Cathy</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="quit">quit</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="son">son</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="born">born</span> ____________ <span word="she">she</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="raise">raise</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="family">family</span>. 解析：句意：当儿子出生时凯茜就已辞去了工作，目的是她能够待在家里抚养孩子。由关键信息<span word="quit">quit</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="job">job</span>以及<span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="raise">raise</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="family">family</span>可知，<span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="raise">raise</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="family">family</span>是前面辞职的目的，故要用<span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span>引导目的状语从句。 <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> 3．<span word="Half">Half</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="hour">hour</span> <span word="later">later</span>，<span word="Lucy">Lucy</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="couldn">couldn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="taxi">taxi</span> ____________ <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bus">bus</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="dropped">dropped</span> <span word="her">her</span>. 解析：句意：半小时后，露西仍然没有从下公交车的地方打到出租车。根据<span word="the">the</span> <span word="bus">bus</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="dropped">dropped</span> <span word="her">her</span>可知，此处所填词引导地点状语从句，故填<span word="where">where</span>。 <span word="where">where</span> 名师点津 掌握状语从句的三大考点 1．考查连词。做此类题时，只要弄清上下文的语义关系，并 掌握各个状语从句连词的意思，就可快速选出正确答案。 2．考查时态。时间、条件和让步状语从句中，主句若用将来 时，从句往往要用一般现在时表示一般将来时；用一般过去时表示过去将来时，用现在完成时表示将来完成时。 3．省略形式。考查省略时常和非谓语动词结合进行考查。另 外，还有一些省略后的固定短语，如<span word="if">if</span> <span word="possible">possible</span>(如果可能)，<span word="if">if</span> <span word="necessary">necessary</span>(如果有必要)，<span word="if">if</span> <span word="not">not</span>(如果不是这样)，<span word="if">if</span> <span word="so">so</span>(如果是这样)，<span word="if">if</span> <span word="any">any</span>(如果有的话)等。 栏目导引 高频考 点突破 专题针 对训练 课堂达 标训练 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 九、并列句和状语从句 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 [命题分析] 并列句是由并列连词将两个或两个以上的简单句连接在一起构成的句子。并列连词主要是用来表示并列关系、选择关系、因果推理关系等，也可用来连接平行的词、词组或分句。而状语从句则用来表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果等方面的关系。在语法填空和短文改错两个题型中，该部分是必考内容。并列连词在这两个题型中重点考查<span word="and">and</span>，<span word="but">but</span>，<span word="or">or</span>，<span word="so">so</span>等；状语从句的考查主要集中在条件状语从句、让步状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句和结果状语从句等。解决并列句和状语从句的关键是找出句子之间或从句与主句之间的逻辑关系。 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 并列连词和并列句 并列句是由两个或两个以上的独立分句并列在一起构成。其基本结构：分句＋并列连词＋分句。在并列句中，除了使用并列连词外，还可使用并列连词词组来连接分句。有时甚至不用并列连词，只用分号等把分句隔开。 并列连词 用法 <span word="and">and</span>，<span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span>...<span word="but">but</span> (<span word="also">also</span>)．..，<span word="both">both</span>...<span word="and">and</span>...，<span word="neither">neither</span>...<span word="nor">nor</span>...等 表示并列或递进关系 <span word="but">but</span>，<span word="yet">yet</span>，<span word="while">while</span>等 表示转折关系 <span word="or">or</span>，<span word="either">either</span>...<span word="or">or</span>...，<span word="not">not</span>...<span word="but">but</span>...等 表示选择关系 <span word="for">for</span>，<span word="so">so</span> 表示因果关系 ♦ <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="British">British</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="share">share</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="customs">customs</span>. 英国和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。 ♦ <span word="There">There</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="knowing">knowing</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="discovery">discovery</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="man">man</span>，<span word="also">also</span> <span word="intelligent">intelligent</span>，<span word="fails">fails</span>. 我们无法得知，为什么一个人有重大发现，而另一个人，也很聪明，却失败了。 易错警示 (1)<span word="while">while</span>用作并列连词，强调两种情况的对比。 (2)<span word="when">when</span>用作并列连词，相当于<span word="and">and</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="this">this</span>/<span word="that">that</span> <span word="time">time</span>，意为 “正在这时，突然”，常用于下列句式：<span word="be">be</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>/<span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="doing">doing</span>...<span word="when">when</span>...某人正要做某事突然……；<span word="be">be</span> <span word="doing">doing</span>...<span word="when">when</span>...某人正在做某事突然……；<span word="had">had</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>....<span word="when">when</span>...刚做完某事突然…… (3)<span word="but">but</span>不与<span word="although">although</span>/<span word="though">though</span>连用，但<span word="yet">yet</span>，<span word="still">still</span>可与<span word="although">although</span>/<span word="though">though</span>连用。 [即时训练]</p>
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