2016届高考英语二轮语法专项复习课件：专题6 情态动词与虚拟语气（新人教版）
<p> 一 二 三 一、考查情态动词的基本含义和用法 (一)<span word="can">can</span>与<span word="could">could</span> 1.表示能力,<span word="could">could</span>主要指过去的能力,表示“过去有能力成功做成某事”时通常用<span word="was">was</span>/<span word="were">were</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span>。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="languages">languages</span>. <span word="Could">Could</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="school">school</span>? <span word="Everyone">Everyone</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="escape">escape</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fire">fire</span> <span word="broke">broke</span> <span word="out">out</span>. 2.表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上,并不涉及此事真的发生),常译为“往往会,有时候可能会”,常用于肯定句中。 <span word="Accidents">Accidents</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="happen">happen</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="rainy">rainy</span> <span word="days">days</span>. 3.表示请求和允许。在问句中<span word="could">could</span>比<span word="can">can</span>语气要委婉。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="now">now</span>. 一 二 三 4.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 <span word="How">How</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="careless">careless</span>? 5.表示推测,常用于否定句和疑问句中,语气较强。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="can">can</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span>;<span word="the">the</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="on">on</span>. 6.<span word="cannot">cannot</span>/<span word="never">never</span>...<span word="too">too</span>/<span word="enough">enough</span>...表示“再……也不为过”。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="careful">careful</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="car">car</span>. 7.<span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>./<span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>./<span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="choose">choose</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.表示“不得不,只好做某事”。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="choose">choose</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="me">me</span>. 一 二 三 (二)<span word="shall">shall</span> 1.用于第二、三人称的陈述句中,表示命令、许诺、警告、强制、威胁、决心等;此外,颁布法律、规定时也用<span word="shall">shall</span>。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="law">law</span> <span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="month">month</span>. 2.用于第一、三人称的疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方指示。 <span word="Shall">Shall</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="standing">standing</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="try">try</span>? 一 二 三 (三)<span word="must">must</span> 1.表示主观上的“必须,应该”,其否定形式<span word="mustn">mustn</span>’<span word="t">t</span>表示禁止。对比:<span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span>表示客观上的“不得不”,可用于各种时态。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="listen">listen</span> <span word="carefully">carefully</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="class">class</span>.<span word="Students">Students</span> <span word="mustn">mustn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="mobile">mobile</span> <span word="phones">phones</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="class">class</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="key">key</span>,<span word="so">so</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="wait">wait</span> <span word="outdoors">outdoors</span>. 2.表示“非要,偏要”做某事,表达出说话者的一种不满情绪。 <span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="talking">talking</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="loudly">loudly</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="sleeping">sleeping</span>? 3.表示对具体事情的推测,意为“一定,肯定”,语气较强,只用于肯定句中。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="America">America</span>. 一 二 三 (四)<span word="should">should</span> 1.表示义务,常译为“应该”,用于各种人称。 <span word="Parents">Parents</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="care">care</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="babies">babies</span>. 2.表示预测可能性,译为“可能,(按道理)应该”,多指对未来合乎理想的情况或结果的一种期盼。 <span word="It">It</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="nearly">nearly</span> 8 <span word="o">o</span>’<span word="clock">clock</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="moment">moment</span>. 3.表示惊讶、意外等,常译为“竟然,居然”。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="surprised">surprised</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="ill">ill</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="me">me</span>. 4.用在<span word="if">if</span>条件句中,表示可能性很小的一种虚拟语气,常译为“如果”。 <span word="If">If</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="him">him</span>,<span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="news">news</span>. 一 二 三 (五)<span word="will">will</span>与<span word="would">would</span> 1.表示意愿,用于各种人称的陈述句中。<span word="would">would</span>常指过去的意愿。 <span word="If">If</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="book">book</span>,<span word="I">I</span>’<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="you">you</span>. 2.表示请求,用于疑问句中。<span word="would">would</span>语气较委婉。 <span word="Will">Will</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="window">window</span>? 3.表示某种倾向或习惯性动作,常译为“总是,惯于”。<span word="would">would</span> 可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向,后面接表示动作的动词,不能接表示状态的词。对比:<span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span>表示过去的习惯动作或状态,强调现在已不存在。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="sit">sit</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="park">park</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="factory">factory</span> <span word="reading">reading</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="hours">hours</span>. 一 二 三 (六)<span word="may">may</span>与<span word="might">might</span> 1.表示请求、允许、许可,<span word="might">might</span>比<span word="may">may</span>语气委婉。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="bike">bike</span>. 2.表示推测,常用于陈述句中,语气比较弱,把握性不大。<span word="might">might</span>语气比<span word="may">may</span>还要弱。</p>
页:
[1]