2016届高考英语二轮语法专项复习课件：专题9 名词性从句（新人教版）
<p> 一 二 一、选择合适的连接词 名词性从句就是具有名词作用的从句。它在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。解决有关名词性从句的问题的关键是:通过从句的位置,辨别从句的类型;分析从句,看看从句中所缺少的句子成分和句意,最终确定选用合适的连接词。 通过下面几个句子,看看从句的类型: 1.<span word="That">That</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="won">won</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="match">match</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="excited">excited</span>.(位于谓语之前,主语从句)2.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="headmaster">headmaster</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="won">won</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="match">match</span>.(位于谓语之后,宾语从句)3.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="won">won</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="match">match</span>.(位于系动词之后,表语从句)4.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="headmaster">headmaster</span> <span word="announced">announced</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="won">won</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="match">match</span>.(位于名词之后,同位语从句)一 二 一 二 一 二 一 二 一 二 二、名词性从句的几个特殊情况 1.<span word="it">it</span>用作形式主语的常见句型为: (1)<span word="It">It</span> +<span word="be">be</span> +形容词(<span word="obvious">obvious</span>,<span word="true">true</span>,<span word="natural">natural</span>,<span word="surprising">surprising</span>,<span word="good">good</span>,<span word="wonderful">wonderful</span>,<span word="possible">possible</span>,<span word="likely">likely</span>,<span word="certain">certain</span>,<span word="probable">probable</span>,<span word="etc">etc</span>.)+ <span word="that">that</span>... (2)<span word="It">It</span> + <span word="be">be</span> +名词词组(<span word="no">no</span> <span word="wonder">wonder</span>,<span word="an">an</span> <span word="honour">honour</span>,<span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="thing">thing</span>,<span word="a">a</span> <span word="pity">pity</span>,<span word="no">no</span> <span word="surprise">surprise</span>,<span word="etc">etc</span>.) + <span word="that">that</span>... (3)<span word="It">It</span> +<span word="be">be</span> +过去分词(<span word="said">said</span>,<span word="reported">reported</span>,<span word="thought">thought</span>,<span word="expected">expected</span>,<span word="decided">decided</span>,<span word="announced">announced</span>,<span word="suggested">suggested</span>,<span word="etc">etc</span>.) + <span word="that">that</span>... (4)<span word="It">It</span> + <span word="seems">seems</span>/<span word="appears">appears</span>/<span word="happens">happens</span> 等不及物动词及短语+ <span word="that">that</span>... (5)<span word="It">It</span> <span word="doesn">doesn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> ( <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="differences">differences</span>,<span word="etc">etc</span>.) + 连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句 一 二 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="difference">difference</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pity">pity</span> (<span word="that">that</span>) <span word="we">we</span> <span word="haven">haven</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="contacted">contacted</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="ages">ages</span>. 很遗憾,我们几年没联系了。 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="decided">decided</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="held">held</span>. 在哪里开会还没决定。 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="doesn">doesn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="not">not</span>. 她是否来这无关紧要。 一 二 2.<span word="it">it</span>用作形式宾语 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语,则必须用<span word="it">it</span>作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置,并且<span word="that">that</span>不能省略。句型结构为: (1)<span word="make">make</span>/<span word="find">find</span>/<span word="feel">feel</span>/<span word="consider">consider</span>/<span word="think">think</span> <span word="it">it</span>+ <span word="adj">adj</span>./<span word="n">n</span>.(宾语补足语)+<span word="that">that</span>... (2)<span word="like">like</span>/<span word="dislike">dislike</span>/<span word="love">love</span>/<span word="hate">hate</span>/<span word="appreciate">appreciate</span>+<span word="it">it</span>+<span word="if">if</span>/<span word="when">when</span>... <span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="here">here</span>. 我认为你最好住这儿。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="hasn">hasn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="married">married</span>. 他还没宣布他何时结婚。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="hate">hate</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="laugh">laugh</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="disabled">disabled</span>. 我讨厌别人嘲笑我的残疾。 一 二 3.动词 <span word="doubt">doubt</span>后接宾语从句时,通常要用 <span word="whether">whether</span> (<span word="if">if</span>) 来引导,而不用 <span word="that">that</span>,因为 <span word="doubt">doubt</span> 表示“怀疑”,其意不肯定、不明确;但是如果它用于否定式,其后的宾语从句则通常用 <span word="that">that</span> 来引导,因为 <span word="not">not</span> <span word="doubt">doubt</span> 表示“不怀疑”,其意是肯定的、明确的。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="doubt">doubt</span> <span word="if">if</span>/<span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="he">he</span>’<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="come">come</span>. 我拿不准他是否会来。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="doubt">doubt</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="succeed">succeed</span>. 我敢肯定他会成功。 <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="doubt">doubt</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="win">win</span>? 你不相信他会赢吗? 一 二 4.<span word="be">be</span> <span word="sure">sure</span>后的名词性从句通常用<span word="that">that</span>引导,而 <span word="be">be</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="sure">sure</span> 后的名词性从句则通常用<span word="whether">whether</span>/<span word="if">if</span> 来引导: <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="sure">sure</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="honest">honest</span>. 我肯定他是诚实的。 <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="sure">sure</span> <span word="whether">whether</span>/<span word="if">if</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="honest">honest</span>. 我不敢肯定他是否诚实。 5.介词后一般不接<span word="that">that</span>引导的宾语从句,但介词<span word="except">except</span>及<span word="in">in</span>除外。 <span word="His">His</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="correct">correct</span> <span word="except">except</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="details">details</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="omitted">omitted</span>.除了有些细节未提到之外,他的报道是正确的。 <span word="Criticism">Criticism</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="self">self</span>-<span word="criticism">criticism</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="necessary">necessary</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="helps">helps</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="correct">correct</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="mistakes">mistakes</span>.批评和自我批评是必要的,因为它能帮助我们改正错误。 一 二 6.否定转移 在宾语从句中,主句的谓语动词(词组)是<span word="think">think</span>、<span word="believe">believe</span>、<span word="suppose">suppose</span>、<span word="imagine">imagine</span>、<span word="consider">consider</span>、<span word="expect">expect</span>、<span word="guess">guess</span>、<span word="be">be</span> <span word="sure">sure</span>等,且主句的主语是第一人称并为一般现在时,对宾语从句的否定一般转移到主句上,表示说话者提出一种委婉的看法或主张。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="ve">ve</span> <span word="met">met</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="before">before</span>. 我认为我没有见过你。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="late">late</span>.我认为你不会迟到。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅰ.完成句子(高考真题变式训练) 1.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="moment">moment</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="football">football</span> <span word="star">star</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="scored">scored</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="winning">winning</span> <span word="goal">goal</span>.2.<span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> </p>
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