2016届高考英语二轮词法专题讲座素材：18 定语从句
<p> 英语词法专题讲座十八：定语从句</p><p> 一、定语从句（一）：</p><p> 1. 定语从句的概念：</p><p> 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。</p><p> 2. 先行词：</p><p> 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。</p><p> 3. 关系词：</p><p> 引导定语从句的连词叫关系词。如<span word="that">that</span>、<span word="which">which</span>、<span word="who">who</span>、<span word="whom">whom</span>、<span word="whose">whose</span>、<span word="where">where</span>、<span word="when">when</span>等。</p><p> 4.由<span word="that">that</span>、<span word="which">which</span>、<span word="who">who</span>、<span word="whom">whom</span>、<span word="whose">whose</span>引导的定语从句。</p><p> 关系词 指代 在定语从句中的作用</p><p> <span word="that">that</span> 既指人也指物 作主语、宾语</p><p> <span word="which">which</span> 指物 作主语、宾语</p><p> <span word="who">who</span> 指人 作主语</p><p> <span word="whom">whom</span> 指人 作宾语</p><p> <span word="whose">whose</span> 既指人也指物 作定语</p><p> 二、定语从句（二）</p><p> 1. 先行词是物时，一般情况既可用<span word="that">that</span>也可用<span word="which">which</span>. 但下列情况下，只能用<span word="that">that</span>不用<span word="which">which</span>。</p><p> 1). 当先行词为指物的不定代词，如<span word="all">all</span>、<span word="everything">everything</span>、<span word="something">something</span>、<span word="anything">anything</span>、<span word="nothing">nothing</span>、<span word="none">none</span>、<span word="the">the</span> <span word="one">one</span>等时，只能用<span word="that">that</span>。</p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span> ______ <span word="I">I</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="you">you</span>.</p><p> 2). 当先行词被<span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span>、<span word="the">the</span> <span word="very">very</span>、<span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span>、<span word="all">all</span>、<span word="no">no</span>、<span word="little">little</span>等词修饰时，只能用<span word="that">that</span>。</p><p> <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="book">book</span> ______ <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="for">for</span>.</p><p> 3). 先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用<span word="that">that</span>。</p>
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