2017届高考英语一轮复习语法专题课件：第3部分 句法篇 专题3 并列句和状语从句（外研版）
<p> * * * * * * * * * * ◆连词与短文改错 短文改错中对于连词的考查主要涉及连词使用不当，缺少连词以及多余连词(<span word="although">although</span>不能与<span word="but">but</span>连用，<span word="because">because</span>不能与<span word="so">so</span>连用)等情况。 典题试做2 单句改错(每小题1处错误) 1.<span word="There">There</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="clean">clean</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mountains">mountains</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="green">green</span>.(2015·全国Ⅰ) 解析 两个简单句之间为并列关系而非选择关系，所以将<span word="or">or</span>改为<span word="and">and</span>。 答案 <span word="or">or</span>→<span word="and">and</span> 2.<span word="My">My</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="mistake">mistake</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="dropped">dropped</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="floor">floor</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="packing">packing</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="up">up</span>.(2015·陕西) 解析 句意为：我所犯的唯一的错误就是当我包装饼干的时候，掉在了地上一些。<span word="when">when</span>/<span word="while">while</span>当……的时候，<span word="after">after</span>在……之后。 答案 <span word="after">after</span>→<span word="when">when</span>/<span word="while">while</span> 解析答案 3.<span word="In">In</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>，<span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="anymore">anymore</span>，<span word="so">so</span> <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="afraid">afraid</span> <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="lose">lose</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="friendship">friendship</span>.(2015·四川) 解析 考查连词。句意为：事实上，我不想再去那里了，但我怕失去他们的友谊。两个分句之间有转折关系，故把<span word="so">so</span>改成<span word="but">but</span>。 答案 <span word="so">so</span>→<span word="but">but</span> 4.<span word="If">If</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="studied">studied</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span>，<span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="forget">forget</span> <span word="it">it</span>.(2015·浙江) 解析 考查状语从句的引导词。句意为：尽管在那座教室学习时我仅仅是一个孩子，但我永远忘不了它。根据句意，应将<span word="if">if</span>改为<span word="although">although</span>或<span word="though">though</span>。 答案 <span word="If">If</span>→<span word="Although">Although</span>/<span word="Though">Though</span> 解析答案 5.<span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="allow">allow</span> <span word="tomato">tomato</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="grow">grow</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="year">year</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="disease">disease</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="insect">insect</span> <span word="attack">attack</span> <span word="problems">problems</span>. (2017·新课标全国Ⅰ) 解析 在让步状语从句中，<span word="although">although</span>不可以与<span word="but">but</span>连用，但可以与<span word="yet">yet</span>连用。 答案 去掉<span word="but">but</span>或<span word="but">but</span>→<span word="yet">yet</span> 6.<span word="And">And</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="wise">wise</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="friends">friends</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span>.(2017·大纲全国) 解析 <span word="as">as</span> <span word="many">many</span>...<span word="as">as</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span>为固定句式。 答案 <span word="that">that</span>→<span word="as">as</span> 解析答案 7.<span word="A">A</span> <span word="passenger">passenger</span> <span word="realized">realized</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="couldn">couldn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="ticket">ticket</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="upset">upset</span>.(2017·浙江) 解析 <span word="couldn">couldn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="ticket">ticket</span>与<span word="became">became</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="upset">upset</span>为并列平行关系，故应用<span word="and">and</span>连接。 答案 <span word="but">but</span>→<span word="and">and</span> 8.<span word="Before">Before</span> <span word="waiting">waiting</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="hour">hour</span>，<span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="beginning">beginning</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="impatient">impatient</span>.(2017·陕西) 解析 句意为：等候了大约半个小时后，我开始不耐烦。故应把<span word="Before">Before</span>改为<span word="After">After</span>。 答案 <span word="Before">Before</span>→<span word="After">After</span> 解析答案 9.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="deep">deep</span> <span word="voice">voice</span>，<span word="which">which</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="apart">apart</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="town">town</span>，<span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="strong">strong</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="powerful">powerful</span>.(2017·新课标全国Ⅰ) 解析 句中<span word="which">which</span>引导的是定语从句，修饰主句<span word="He">He</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="deep">deep</span> <span word="voice">voice</span>，而主句与从句后的分句<span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="strong">strong</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="powerful">powerful</span>之间缺少连词，根据他们的并列关系，确定<span word="he">he</span>前加<span word="and">and</span>。 答案 <span word="he">he</span>前加<span word="and">and</span> 10.<span word="In">In</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>，<span word="he">he</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="scared">scared</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="classmates">classmates</span> <span word="away">away</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="homework">homework</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="me">me</span>.(2017·新课标全国Ⅰ) 解析 句中<span word="during">during</span>为介词，不可以连接两个独立谓语的句子，根据逻辑关系，后一个分句应为<span word="when">when</span>引导的时间状语从句。故<span word="during">during</span>应改为<span word="when">when</span>。 答案 <span word="during">during</span>→<span word="when">when</span> 解析答案 应对策略2 对于连词的考查，注意首先判断两个或两个以上的单词、短语或单句之间是否有连词，再根据不同的句式结构，判断连词是否运用正确。解题时，可以注意以下几个方面： (1)把握前后两句话之间的衔接关系，判定是并列句、主语从句、定语从句还是状语从句，根据连词在句中作何成分，判断正误； (2)注意<span word="but">but</span>转折、<span word="and">and</span>并列、<span word="or">or</span>或者(选择)、<span word="so">so</span>因此(结果)等逻辑关系词之间的混用； (3)注意<span word="although">although</span>/<span word="though">though</span>/<span word="while">while</span>不与<span word="but">but</span>连用；<span word="since">since</span>/<span word="as">as</span>/<span word="because">because</span>不与<span word="so">so</span>连用； (4)注意<span word="but">but</span>与<span word="and">and</span>，<span word="and">and</span>与<span word="or">or</span>，<span word="or">or</span>与<span word="so">so</span>，<span word="after">after</span>与<span word="before">before</span>等连词的用法区别。 ◆书面表达中并列句与状语从句易错点聚焦 (一)在书面表达中往往缺乏并列句意识，主要存在以下两个方面的倾向： 1.机械排列简单句 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="fit">fit</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="it">it</span>.<span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="writing">writing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="apply">apply</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="position">position</span>. 如果我们把意义相关的这两个句子用适当的连词连接起来，可得到下面的句子： <span word="I">I</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="fit">fit</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="it">it</span>，<span word="so">so</span> <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="writing">writing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="apply">apply</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="position">position</span>. 比较一下，同学们是不是感觉后者要优于前者呢？并列连词的应用可增强句子之间的逻辑性和美感，使句子之间显得更加紧凑。 2.逗号连接两个简单句 <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="enthusiastic">enthusiastic</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="easy">easy</span><span word="going">going</span>，<span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="easy">easy</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="cooperate">cooperate</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="others">others</span>. 在该句中含有两个简单句，中间用逗号起了连接作用，显然这是不符合英语语法规则的。我们不妨做如下改动： <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="enthusiastic">enthusiastic</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="easy">easy</span><span word="going">going</span>，<span word="so">so</span> <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="easy">easy</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="cooperate">cooperate</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="others">others</span>. (二)对于状语从句，在实际运用中主要存在以下问题： 1.从句意识缺乏 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Expo">Expo</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="attractive">attractive</span>.<span word="We">We</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="eager">eager</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="visit">visit</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Expo">Expo</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="attractive">attractive</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="eager">eager</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="visit">visit</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="it">it</span>. 通过比较不难发现，后句比前句更加紧凑且逻辑性强，增强了交际效果。 2.状语从句成分残缺 (误)<span word="Please">Please</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="doors">doors</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="windows">windows</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span>. (正)<span word="Please">Please</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="doors">doors</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="windows">windows</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span>. 由于受汉语的干扰，第一句中状语从句中漏掉了主语。 3.连接词误用 (误)<span word="Teachers">Teachers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="respect">respect</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="school">school</span>. (正)<span word="Teachers">Teachers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="respect">respect</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="school">school</span>. 两句尽管从汉语角度来看意思相同，但是从语法角度<span word="no">no</span> <span word="matter">matter</span>一般后跟特殊疑问词，而<span word="whether">whether</span>可直接引导状语从句。 (误)<span word="Though">Though</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="writer">writer</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="read">read</span>. (正)<span word="Though">Though</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="writer">writer</span>，<span word="his">his</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="read">read</span>. 在让步状语从句中，<span word="though">though</span>和<span word="although">although</span>不能与<span word="but">but</span>连用。 返回 模拟强化练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.<span word="You">You</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="way">way</span></p>
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