2017届高考英语一轮语法专题复习课件：1 名词（新人教版）
<p> 走向高考 · 高考总复习 · 人教版 · 英语</p><p> 第二部分</p><p> 语法专题复习 路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索 走向高考 · 英语 人教版 · 高考总复习 语法专题复习 第二部分 专题一 名 词 第二部分 知 识 清 单 2 考 点 警 示 3 考 点 透 析 1 考 点 透 析 名词在语法填空中往往不直接考查，通常与冠词的考查结合在一起，或与词类转换一起考查。解题时应注意： 1．单数可数名词前通常要填冠词(<span word="a">a</span>，<span word="an">an</span>，<span word="the">the</span>)、名词所有格(<span word="Bob">Bob</span>'<span word="s">s</span>，<span word="Mary">Mary</span>'<span word="s">s</span>...)，形容词性物主代词(<span word="my">my</span>，<span word="his">his</span>...)，不定代词(<span word="any">any</span>，<span word="another">another</span>，<span word="some">some</span>...)。 2．词类转换题中，若设空前有冠词、物主代词、名词所有格时，要用括号中所给词的名词形式。 3．确定用名词形式后，要考虑用名词的正确形式，单数还是复数、所有格等的正确形式。 4．在写作中，不但考虑用名词的正确形式，还要考虑名词作定语等其他语法功能。 知 识 清 单 考 点 警 示 1．抽象名词具体化。 当不可数名词被赋予了具体含义后，可被看作是可数名词．一般与不定冠词连用，意为“一个(件、次)……的人或事”，这就是所谓的抽象名词具体化。具体地说： (1)有些不可数名词表示“某个人”或“某件事”时，可以与不定冠词连用。 <span word="success">success</span>成功→<span word="a">a</span> <span word="success">success</span>一个成功的人或事 <span word="failure">failure</span>失败→<span word="a">a</span> <span word="failure">failure</span>一个失败的人或事 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="heavy">heavy</span> <span word="rain">rain</span>一场大雨 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="coffee">coffee</span>一杯咖啡 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="strong">strong</span> <span word="wind">wind</span>一阵大风 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="beer">beer</span>一瓶啤酒 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="heavy">heavy</span> <span word="snow">snow</span>一场大雪 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tea">tea</span>一杯茶 2．有些不可数名词无论什么情况下也没有复数形式，即使受形容词修饰也不能加不定冠词，可称作“绝对不可数名词”。如： <span word="fun">fun</span>, <span word="housework">housework</span>, <span word="homework">homework</span>, <span word="advice">advice</span>, <span word="information">information</span>, <span word="news">news</span>, <span word="progress">progress</span>, <span word="equipment">equipment</span>, <span word="furniture">furniture</span>, <span word="baggage">baggage</span>/<span word="luggage">luggage</span>, <span word="jewellery">jewellery</span>, <span word="machinery">machinery</span>等。 3．<span word="of">of</span>＋抽象名词。如：<span word="of">of</span>＋<span word="use">use</span>，<span word="value">value</span>，<span word="help">help</span>，<span word="difference">difference</span>，<span word="importance">importance</span>等某些抽象名词，其含义相当于对应的形容词<span word="useful">useful</span>，<span word="valuable">valuable</span>，<span word="helpful">helpful</span>，<span word="different">different</span>，<span word="important">important</span>等，在句中可作定语、表语、补语等。 4．名词前的修饰语。 (1)<span word="several">several</span>，(<span word="a">a</span>)<span word="few">few</span>，<span word="many">many</span>，<span word="many">many</span> <span word="a">a</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span>/<span word="good">good</span> <span word="many">many</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span>，<span word="scores">scores</span> <span word="of">of</span>，<span word="dozens">dozens</span> <span word="of">of</span>等只能修饰可数名词。 (2)<span word="a">a</span> <span word="bit">bit</span> <span word="of">of</span>，(<span word="a">a</span>)<span word="little">little</span>，<span word="much">much</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="of">of</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span>等只能修饰不可数名词。 (3)<span word="some">some</span>，<span word="any">any</span>，<span word="plenty">plenty</span> <span word="of">of</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="of">of</span>，<span word="lots">lots</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="quantity">quantity</span> <span word="of">of</span>，<span word="quantities">quantities</span> <span word="of">of</span>，<span word="masses">masses</span> <span word="of">of</span>等既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。 5．一些名词的复数形式表示特殊的意义。如： <span word="papers">papers</span>文件，试卷；<span word="goods">goods</span>货物，商品；<span word="works">works</span>著作；<span word="sands">sands</span>沙滩；<span word="greens">greens</span>青菜；<span word="times">times</span>时代等。 6．有些名词在一定的短语中要用复数形式。如： <span word="take">take</span> <span word="pains">pains</span>下功夫，<span word="make">make</span> <span word="preparations">preparations</span>做准备，<span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="spirits">spirits</span>情绪高涨，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="rags">rags</span>衣衫褴褛，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="ruins">ruins</span>废墟。 走向高考 · 高考总复习 · 人教版 · 英语</p>
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