2016届高考英语二轮语法突破课件：情态动词与虚拟语气（外研版）
<p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="busy">busy</span> <span word="then">then</span>.<span word="Otherwise">Otherwise</span>，<span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="answer">answer</span>.(＝<span word="If">If</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="busy">busy</span> <span word="then">then</span>) 那时我是如此的忙。否则我会告诉他答案的。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="telephoned">telephoned</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="inform">inform</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="birthday">birthday</span>，<span word="or">or</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="it">it</span>.(＝<span word="If">If</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="telephoned">telephoned</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="inform">inform</span>...) 他打电话告知我你的生日，否则我会对此一无所知。 考点二 虚拟语气在其他从句中的应用 1．虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法 在“<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="important">important</span> (<span word="strange">strange</span>, <span word="natural">natural</span>, <span word="necessary">necessary</span>，...)<span word="that">that</span>...”句型中，<span word="that">that</span>所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用“<span word="should">should</span>＋动词原形”结构，<span word="should">should</span>可以省略，表示某事是“重要的”；“奇怪的”；“自然的”；“必要的”等。如：<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="member">member</span> (<span word="should">should</span>) <span word="inform">inform</span> <span word="himself">himself</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="rules">rules</span>.重要的是每个成员都应该知道这些规则。 2．虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 (1)虚拟语气用在动词<span word="wish">wish</span>后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的一种主观愿望，从句通常省略连词<span word="that">that</span>。表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去式(<span word="be">be</span>动词一般用<span word="were">were</span>)。如：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="wish">wish</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="knew">knew</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="question">question</span>.我希望知道这个问题的答案。(可惜不知道)；表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词常用“<span word="had">had</span>＋过去分词”。如：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="wish">wish</span>(<span word="wished">wished</span>) <span word="I">I</span> <span word="hadn">hadn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="money">money</span>.我后悔不该花那么多钱。</p><p> 3．虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中的用法 在<span word="suggestion">suggestion</span>，<span word="demand">demand</span>，<span word="order">order</span>，<span word="proposal">proposal</span>，<span word="request">request</span>，<span word="advice">advice</span>等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(<span word="should">should</span>＋)动词原形”。如： <span word="We">We</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="agree">agree</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="suggestion">suggestion</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span>(<span word="should">should</span>)<span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Dalian">Dalian</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="sightseeing">sightseeing</span>. 我们都同意他的建议，我们应该去大连观光。 4．虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法 (1)在<span word="even">even</span> <span word="if">if</span>/<span word="even">even</span> <span word="though">though</span>引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句中，主句和从句都用虚拟语气，动词形式与含有非真实条件句的虚拟语气相同。如：<span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="ill">ill</span>，<span word="he">he</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="gone">gone</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="office">office</span>.即使生了病，他也要去办公室。 (2)由<span word="as">as</span> <span word="if">if</span>/<span word="as">as</span> <span word="though">though</span>引导方式状语从句时，从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(<span word="be">be</span>动词的过去式一般用<span word="were">were</span>)或“<span word="had">had</span>＋过去分词”。如：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="treated">treated</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="stranger">stranger</span>.他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。<span word="She">She</span> <span word="talked">talked</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="film">film</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="it">it</span>.她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。 提示：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。</p>
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