2016届高考英语二轮复习微专题强化课件：1 语法必备 7 非谓语动词
<p> 核心考点 对应演练 走向高考 · 英语 第一部分 微专题强化练 一 语法必备 第一部分 7 非谓语动词 考 向 分 析 考 题 引 路 强 化 训 练 2 3 1 易 错 防 范 4 考 向 分 析 考查点 2017 2015 命题趋势 非谓语动词作宾语、主语、补语和表语 ①课标全国卷Ⅰ65题：不定式作主语 ②课标全国卷Ⅱ61题：动名词作宾语 ③课标全国卷Ⅱ66题：不定式作宾语 ④课标全国卷Ⅱ67题：动名词作宾语 ⑤辽宁卷64题：动名词作宾语 ⑥广东卷25题：过去分词作表语 ⑦辽宁卷改错第三处：不定式作主语 ①课标全国卷Ⅱ 64题：动名词作宾语 ②课标全国卷Ⅱ改错第四处：动名词作宾语 非谓语动词的考查仍是今后语篇型语法填空的必考点以及短文改错的考查重点：①从形式上看，不定式是考查的重点，分词、动名词是常考点。②从功能上看，非谓语动词作宾语是考查的重点，作状语、宾补、表语、主语、定语是常考点。 非谓语动词作状语 课标全国卷Ⅱ66题：不定式作状语 非谓语动词作定语 ①课标全国卷Ⅰ68题和70题：过去分词作定语 ②课标全国卷Ⅱ61题：过去分词作定语 考 题 引 路 1．(2015·课标全国Ⅱ，64)<span word="In">In</span> <span word="addition">addition</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="simple">simple</span> <span word="beauty">beauty</span>，<span word="what">what</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="adobe">adobe</span> <span word="dwellings">dwellings</span> <span word="admirable">admirable</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="to">to</span> “<span word="air">air</span> <span word="condition">condition</span>” <span word="a">a</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="without">without</span>________(<span word="use">use</span>)<span word="electric">electric</span> <span word="equipment">equipment</span>. 立意与点拨：空格前有介词<span word="without">without</span>，提示词为<span word="use">use</span>，可知此处应填动名词形式作宾语。 答案：<span word="using">using</span> 句意为：除了朴素之美外，令人赞叹的是这些土坯房具有不使用电气设备就能自动进行空气调节的能力。介词<span word="without">without</span>后面用名词或动名词作宾语，故填<span word="using">using</span>。 2．(2015·安徽，27改编)________(<span word="ignore">ignore</span>) <span word="the">the</span> <span word="difference">difference</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="worst">worst</span> <span word="mistakes">mistakes</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="make">make</span>. 立意与点拨：设空处位于句首，考虑句中可能缺少主语或状语，再分析句子成分，句中已有谓语动词<span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span>，句中缺少的是主语，再根据句意可知应用动名词形式。 答案：<span word="Ignoring">Ignoring</span> 句意为：忽视这两种研究结果的差异将是你所犯的最严重错误之一。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语部分是<span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span>，<span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="worst">worst</span> <span word="mistakes">mistakes</span>是表语，<span word="you">you</span> <span word="make">make</span>是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰<span word="mistakes">mistakes</span>。很显然，________ <span word="the">the</span> <span word="difference">difference</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="findings">findings</span>是主语部分，结合语境可知设空处用动名词作主语。答案为<span word="Ignoring">Ignoring</span>。 3．(2017·四川，5改编)<span word="The">The</span> <span word="manager">manager</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="satisfied">satisfied</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="products">products</span> ______ (<span word="develop">develop</span>) <span word="after">after</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="effort">effort</span>. 立意与点拨：提示词为动词，且句中已有谓语<span word="was">was</span> <span word="satisfied">satisfied</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span>，便会考虑此处为“动词(<span word="see">see</span>/<span word="hear">hear</span>/<span word="feel">feel</span>/<span word="watch">watch</span>/<span word="notice">notice</span>等)＋名词或代词＋宾补”结构；再根据所给的动词和其逻辑主语的关系确定答案。 答案：<span word="developed">developed</span> 句意为：经过一番努力之后，看到许多新产品被开发出来，经理感到很满意。此处为<span word="see">see</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>. <span word="done">done</span>结构，动词<span word="develop">develop</span>与宾语<span word="many">many</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="products">products</span>之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补表示被动、已完成，故答案为<span word="developed">developed</span>。 4．(2017·广东，25)<span word="We">We</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="little">little</span> ________(<span word="sunburn">sunburn</span>)，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="relaxing">relaxing</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="mind">mind</span>. 立意与点拨：给出的提示词为动词，并且句中也有了谓语动词<span word="got">got</span>，考虑设空处应用非谓语动词形式；再分析<span word="sunburn">sunburn</span>与其逻辑主语<span word="we">we</span>的关系可判断应用过去分词形式。 答案：<span word="sunburned">sunburned</span>或<span word="sunburnt">sunburnt</span> 本题考查“<span word="get">get</span>＋过去分词”表示状态。<span word="got">got</span>在该题中为连系动词，且<span word="sunburn">sunburn</span>与<span word="we">we</span>之间为动宾关系，故应用过去分词作表语。因此，答案为<span word="sunburned">sunburned</span>或<span word="sunburnt">sunburnt</span>。 5．(2017·天津，5改编)<span word="Anxiously">Anxiously</span>，<span word="she">she</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dress">dress</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="package">package</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="tried">tried</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="on">on</span>，<span word="only">only</span>______(<span word="find">find</span>) <span word="it">it</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="fit">fit</span>. 立意与点拨：给出的提示词为动词，句中已有谓语动词<span word="took">took</span>和<span word="tried">tried</span>，故此处考虑用非谓语动词作状语；再根据空前的<span word="only">only</span>及句意可判断此处为“<span word="only">only</span>＋不定式”结构。 答案：<span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span> 句意为：她急切地从包裹里拿出裙子穿上，结果发现它不合身。<span word="only">only</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>表示出乎意料的结果。故填<span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span>。 6．(2015·课标全国Ⅰ，70)<span word="Abercrombie">Abercrombie</span> & <span word="Kent">Kent</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="travel">travel</span> <span word="company">company</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Hong">Hong</span> <span word="Kong">Kong</span>，<span word="says">says</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="regularly">regularly</span> <span word="arranges">arranges</span> <span word="quick">quick</span> <span word="getaways">getaways</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="people">people</span> ________ (<span word="live">live</span>) <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Shanghai">Shanghai</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Hong">Hong</span> <span word="Kong">Kong</span>. 立意与点拨：分析句子结构快速找到谓语动词<span word="arranges">arranges</span>，从而判断此处应填非谓语动词；再根据句意可知，逻辑主语<span word="people">people</span>与<span word="live">live</span>之间为主动关系，最后确定填现在分词形式。 答案：<span word="living">living</span> 句意为：香港的一家旅游公司<span word="Abercrombie">Abercrombie</span> & <span word="Kent">Kent</span>说，他们经常在这儿为上海人和香港人安排方便的度假。该句的谓语动词是<span word="arranges">arranges</span>，所以此处应是非谓语动词；<span word="people">people</span>和<span word="live">live</span>之间是主动关系，故填<span word="living">living</span>作后置定语。 强 化 训 练 易 错 防 范 1．解答非谓语动词题目时我们要善于发现其逻辑主语，即非谓语动词表示的动作的执行者，因为这是确定非谓语动词表示主动含义还是被动含义的关键。 典例1 (2017·天津高考)<span word="Clearly">Clearly</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="thoughtfully">thoughtfully</span>______(<span word="write">write</span>), <span word="the">the</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="inspires">inspires</span> <span word="confidence">confidence</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="wish">wish</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="seek">seek</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="answers">answers</span>. 易错警示：学生易误填<span word="writing">writing</span>。原因在于错误的以为<span word="write">write</span>的逻辑主语是<span word="you">you</span>。 答案：<span word="written">written</span> 考查非谓语动词。句意：经过精心清楚地编写，这本书激发了那些想寻求属于自己的答案的学生们的信心。根据题干结构可知，非谓语动词在句中作状语，并且<span word="write">write</span>与其逻辑主语“<span word="the">the</span> <span word="book">book</span>”之间是被动关系，故填过去分词。 2．注意非谓语动词的区别及其自身的时态、语态变化。 典例2 (2015·云南高中毕业生第一次统一复习检测)<span word="However">However</span>, <span word="while">while</span> <span word="enjoying">enjoying</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="convenience">convenience</span>, <span word="people">people</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="ignore">ignore</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="danger">danger</span> <span word="of">of</span> ________(<span word="cheat">cheat</span>), <span word="for">for</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Wechat">Wechat</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="publicly">publicly</span> <span word="known">known</span>. 易错警示：学生易误填<span word="cheating">cheating</span>，没有考虑非谓语动词本身的语态变化。 答案：<span word="being">being</span> <span word="cheated">cheated</span> 介词<span word="of">of</span>后用动名词形式，<span word="people">people</span>与<span word="cheat">cheat</span>是被动关系，故填动名词的被动式，表示“忽略被欺骗的危险”。 典例3 (2017· 江西，34改编)<span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> ________(<span word="act">act</span>) <span word="foolishly">foolishly</span>. <span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="himself">himself</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="blame">blame</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="losing">losing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="job">job</span>. 易错警示：学生易误填<span word="to">to</span> <span word="act">act</span>，原因在于没有考虑非谓语动词的时间先后关系。 答案：<span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="acted">acted</span> 句意为：大家都认为他表现得很愚蠢。现在要为他失业负责的不是别人，正是他自己。<span word="sb">sb</span>. <span word="be">be</span> <span word="thought">thought</span>后需用不定式作主语补足语，<span word="act">act</span>的动作发生在<span word="is">is</span> <span word="thought">thought</span>的动作之前，故用不定式的完成式。 * 核心考点 对应演练 *</p>
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