2016届高考英语二轮复习微专题强化课件：1 语法必备 8 动词的时态和语态
<p> 核心考点 对应演练 走向高考 · 英语 第一部分 微专题强化练 一 语法必备 第一部分 8 动词的时态和语态 考 向 分 析 考 题 引 路 强 化 训 练 2 3 1 易 错 防 范 4 考 向 分 析 考 题 引 路 1．(2015·课标全国Ⅰ，61)<span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="raining">raining</span> <span word="lightly">lightly</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="I">I</span> ________(<span word="arrive">arrive</span>) <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Yangshuo">Yangshuo</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="dawn">dawn</span>. 立意与点拨：<span word="when">when</span>在句中引导时间状语从句，从句的时态应和主句的时态相呼应，结合主句的谓语动词<span word="was">was</span> <span word="raining">raining</span>可知答案。 答案：<span word="arrived">arrived</span> 句意为：当我正好在拂晓前到达阳朔时，天空正下着小雨。分析句子结构可知，<span word="when">when</span>引导时间状语从句，设空处在从句中作谓语，根据本句中的<span word="was">was</span> <span word="raining">raining</span>可知，此处应用一般过去时。答案为<span word="arrived">arrived</span>。 2．(2015·课标全国Ⅱ，68)<span word="This">This</span> <span word="cycle">cycle</span>________(<span word="go">go</span>) <span word="day">day</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="day">day</span>：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="walls">walls</span> <span word="warm">warm</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cool">cool</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="night">night</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="thus">thus</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="timely">timely</span> <span word="offset">offset</span>(抵消)<span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="temperatures">temperatures</span>. 立意与点拨：由冒号后的句子中的谓语动词<span word="warm">warm</span> <span word="up">up</span>和<span word="cool">cool</span> <span word="off">off</span>可知用一般现在时。 答案：<span word="goes">goes</span> 冒号前为独立的一个句子，故此处填谓语动词。时间状语<span word="day">day</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="day">day</span>意为“一天又一天”，常与一般现在时连用。结合下句的时态可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语为单数形式，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。答案为<span word="goes">goes</span>。 3．(2017·课标全国Ⅱ，45)<span word="When">When</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bus">bus</span> <span word="finally">finally</span> <span word="came">came</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="hurried">hurried</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="board">board</span>.<span word="I">I</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="window">window</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="view">view</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sidewalk">sidewalk</span>.<span word="A">A</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bike">bike</span>________(<span word="catch">catch</span>) <span word="my">my</span> <span word="attention">attention</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="riding">riding</span> <span word="beside">beside</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bus">bus</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="waving">waving</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="arms">arms</span>. 立意与点拨：设空处所在句子为一个简单句，分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词；结合语境可知，这里是叙述过去发生的事，由此可得出用一般过去时。 答案：<span word="caught">caught</span> 句中没有明确的时间状语，但根据语境中的<span word="hurried">hurried</span>，<span word="got">got</span>，<span word="had">had</span>，<span word="was">was</span> <span word="riding">riding</span>等可知，全文是叙述过去的事情，故应用一般过去时。答案为<span word="caught">caught</span>。 4．(2017·辽宁，66)<span word="Tai">Tai</span> <span word="chi">chi</span> ________(<span word="call">call</span>) “<span word="shadow">shadow</span> <span word="boxing">boxing</span>” <span word="in">in</span> <span word="English">English</span>. 立意与点拨：考查语态。本句介绍的是一般的事实；再由句意可知，用被动语态。 答案：<span word="is">is</span> <span word="called">called</span> 句意为：太极在英语中被称为“<span word="shadow">shadow</span> <span word="boxing">boxing</span>”。<span word="tai">tai</span> <span word="chi">chi</span>与<span word="call">call</span>之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，又因本句介绍的是一般的事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，故填<span word="is">is</span> <span word="called">called</span>。 5．(2017·陕西，17改编)<span word="Jim">Jim</span>________(<span word="watch">watch</span>) <span word="a">a</span> <span word="late">late</span> <span word="night">night</span> <span word="film">film</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="when">when</span>, <span word="right">right</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="middle">middle</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="thrilling">thrilling</span> <span word="scene">scene</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="television">television</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="blank">blank</span>. 立意与点拨：分析句子成分可知，主句缺少谓语，且空后有<span word="when">when</span>...<span word="went">went</span>...，结合语境，<span word="when">when</span>在此有“突然”之间，考虑此处为<span word="sb">sb</span>. <span word="was">was</span>/<span word="were">were</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>. <span word="when">when</span>...<span word="did">did</span>...句式，便可得出答案。 答案：<span word="was">was</span> <span word="watching">watching</span> 句意为：吉姆正在家里看一部午夜电影，就在看到一个扣人心弦的场景时，突然电视机白屏了。<span word="sb">sb</span>. <span word="was">was</span>/<span word="were">were</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>. <span word="when">when</span> ...<span word="did">did</span>...意为“某人正在做某事时，突然……”，故填<span word="was">was</span> <span word="watching">watching</span>。 强 化 训 练 易 错 防 范 1．易混相近时态区别 典例1 (2017·福建，26改编)<span word="The">The</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="interest">interest</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="sport">sport</span> <span word="and">and</span> ________(<span word="take">take</span>) <span word="badminton">badminton</span> <span word="classes">classes</span> <span word="twice">twice</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span>. 易错警示：学生受前句<span word="has">has</span>影响而误填<span word="takes">takes</span>。 答案：<span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> 句意为：这个女孩很喜欢运动，在过去的三年里，她一直坚持每周上两次羽毛球兴趣班。根据句中时间标志短语<span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span>可知，应用现在完成进行时，故填<span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="taking">taking</span>。 典例2 <span word="I">I</span> ________(<span word="live">live</span>) <span word="in">in</span> <span word="London">London</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="years">years</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="I">I</span>'<span word="ve">ve</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="regretted">regretted</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="final">final</span> <span word="decision">decision</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="China">China</span>. 易错警示：此题易填<span word="have">have</span> <span word="lived">lived</span>，因为受<span word="for">for</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="years">years</span>的干扰，误用完成时。注意完成时与“<span word="for">for</span>＋一段时间”没有必然联系。 答案：<span word="lived">lived</span> 句意：虽然在伦敦住了许多年，但我从未对最后决定回到中国感到后悔过。根据句意，可知说话者现在并没有在伦敦，因此应为过去时。</p>
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