2016届高考英语二轮语法专项课件：定语从句（新人教版）
<p> 定语从句 一、关系代词的用法 1．<span word="that">that</span>和<span word="which">which</span>的用法 (1)限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词<span word="that">that</span>的情况： ①当先行词是不定代词<span word="all">all</span>，<span word="much">much</span>，<span word="little">little</span>，<span word="something">something</span>，<span word="everything">everything</span>，<span word="anything">anything</span>，<span word="nothing">nothing</span>，<span word="none">none</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="one">one</span>时。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="hand">hand</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span>. ②当先行词前面被<span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="very">very</span>，<span word="any">any</span>，<span word="few">few</span>，<span word="little">little</span>，<span word="no">no</span>，<span word="all">all</span>等词修饰时。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="tried">tried</span>. ③当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="pollution">pollution</span>. ④当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Suzhou">Suzhou</span>. ⑤当先行词既有人又有物时。 <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="persons">persons</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="talking">talking</span> <span word="about">about</span>? ⑥当主句的主语是疑问词<span word="who">who</span>或<span word="which">which</span>时。 <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bike">bike</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="lost">lost</span>? ⑦有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用<span word="which">which</span>，另外一个宜用<span word="that">that</span>。 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="secretly">secretly</span> <span word="built">built</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="factory">factory</span>，<span word="which">which</span> <span word="produced">produced</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="pollution">pollution</span>. ⑧当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时。 <span word="Shanghai">Shanghai</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span>.</p><p> (2)定语从句中必须用<span word="which">which</span>的情况： ①在非限制性定语从句中，只用<span word="which">which</span>，不用<span word="that">that</span>。 <span word="Helen">Helen</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="kinder">kinder</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="youngest">youngest</span> <span word="son">son</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="others">others</span>，<span word="which">which</span>，<span word="of">of</span> <span word="course">course</span>，<span word="made">made</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="envy">envy</span> <span word="him">him</span>. ②当动词短语中的介词提前时，只用<span word="which">which</span>，不用<span word="that">that</span>。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="Lu">Lu</span> <span word="Xun">Xun</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="lived">lived</span>.</p>
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