2016届高考英语二轮语法专项课件：简单句、并列句和复合句（新人教版）
<p> 简单句、并列句和复合句 一、简单句 当一个句子只包含一个主谓结构时称为简单句。简单句大体上可以分为下面五种类型： 1．主语＋谓语 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="plane">plane</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="landed">landed</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="sat">sat</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="beside">beside</span> <span word="me">me</span>. 2．主语＋系动词＋表语 表语可以是形容词、名词、代词、副词、分词、不定式、介词短语、从句等。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="medicine">medicine</span> <span word="tastes">tastes</span> <span word="horrible">horrible</span>. 3．主语＋谓语＋宾语 <span word="Who">Who</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="question">question</span>? <span word="Lots">Lots</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="applying">applying</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="job">job</span>. 4．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 <span word="My">My</span> <span word="uncle">uncle</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="ticket">ticket</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="showed">showed</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="passport">passport</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="immigration">immigration</span> <span word="officers">officers</span>. 从以上例句可见，短的间接宾语(如<span word="me">me</span>，<span word="them">them</span>，<span word="Jane">Jane</span>)都放在前面，较长的都放到后面。至于加<span word="to">to</span>还是<span word="for">for</span>要根据动词决定。 5．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋补语 补语和宾语一起构成复合宾语。补语的作用就是为宾语补充一些重要的信息资料。 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="appointed">appointed</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="managing">managing</span> <span word="director">director</span>. 在以上五类句子中，有些句子，如祈使句，主语一般省略掉。 <span word="Show">Show</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="passport">passport</span>. 二、并列句 并列句的两部分可用分号(；)连接。 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="late">late</span>; <span word="she">she</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="hurry">hurry</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="station">station</span>. 但更多的并列句都包含一个并列连词，把两部分连接起来，这两部分可称为分句，也可称为并列分句。英语中的并列连词有：<span word="and">and</span>, <span word="but">but</span>, <span word="for">for</span>, <span word="or">or</span>, <span word="so">so</span>, <span word="yet">yet</span>，<span word="nor">nor</span>，<span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span>...<span word="but">but</span>(<span word="also">also</span>)，<span word="either">either</span>...<span word="or">or</span>，<span word="neither">neither</span>...<span word="nor">nor</span>等，由它们连接并列分句。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="shook">shook</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="head">head</span>，<span word="for">for</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="differently">differently</span>. 三、复合句 包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从属连词或关系代词引导。从句分为定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="volleyball">volleyball</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="won">won</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="championship">championship</span> <span word="encouraged">encouraged</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="greatly">greatly</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="doesn">doesn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="achieve">achieve</span> <span word="much">much</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="film">film</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="begun">begun</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cinema">cinema</span>.</p>
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