2016届高考英语二轮语法专项课件：介词（新人教版）
<p> 介 词 一、时间介词：<span word="at">at</span>，<span word="in">in</span>，<span word="on">on</span> 1．<span word="at">at</span>的用法 (1)时间的一点，时刻等，如：<span word="at">at</span> 12：00，<span word="at">at</span> <span word="noon">noon</span>。 (2)较短暂的一段时间，可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子，如：<span word="at">at</span> <span word="Christmas">Christmas</span>。 2．<span word="in">in</span>的用法 (1)表示在某个较长的时间内。 注意：当时间名词前被<span word="this">this</span>，<span word="that">that</span>，<span word="last">last</span>，<span word="next">next</span>，<span word="some">some</span>，<span word="every">every</span>等词限定时，通常不用任何介词。 (2)表示在将来的一段时间之后。 3．<span word="on">on</span>的用法 (1)用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间。 (2)用于表示特定的早晨、下午或晚上。 二、工具、手段、方式介词 1．<span word="by">by</span>，<span word="in">in</span>，<span word="on">on</span>三词都表示旅行的方式 (1)不涉及交通工具的名词时用<span word="by">by</span>，名词前不带冠词，如：<span word="by">by</span> <span word="sea">sea</span>，<span word="by">by</span> <span word="water">water</span>，<span word="by">by</span> <span word="land">land</span>，<span word="by">by</span> <span word="rail">rail</span>，<span word="by">by</span> <span word="air">air</span>。 (2)涉及交通工具的名词时用<span word="by">by</span>，但名词须用单数，其前面不加冠词或任何修饰语，如：<span word="by">by</span> <span word="bike">bike</span>，<span word="by">by</span> <span word="taxi">taxi</span>。 (3)当旅行方式涉及确定特指的交通工具时，用<span word="on">on</span>或<span word="in">in</span>，名词前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语。 2．<span word="with">with</span>，<span word="by">by</span>，<span word="in">in</span>三词均可译为“用”，表示行为的工具、手段或方式 (1)<span word="with">with</span>用于有形的工具或身体某些器官之前，其后的名词多被冠词、物主代词等修饰。 (2)<span word="by">by</span>，<span word="in">in</span>，<span word="on">on</span>，<span word="over">over</span>，<span word="through">through</span>等多用于无形的工具或方式、手段之前，如：<span word="by">by</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="ink">ink</span>，<span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="telephone">telephone</span>，<span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="radio">radio</span>，<span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="telescope">telescope</span>。 注意：使用语言、原料、材料时用<span word="in">in</span>表示。 三、介词的常见搭配 1．<span word="at">at</span>，<span word="from">from</span>，<span word="in">in</span>的有关表达 (1)<span word="at">at</span>：<span word="at">at</span> <span word="dawn">dawn</span>在黎明；<span word="at">at</span> <span word="daybreak">daybreak</span>拂晓 (2)<span word="from">from</span>：<span word="from">from</span> <span word="memory">memory</span>凭记忆 (3)<span word="in">in</span>：<span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hurry">hurry</span>匆忙 2．<span word="of">of</span>＋抽象名词＝形容词 (1)<span word="of">of</span>＋<span word="great">great</span>/<span word="much">much</span>＋抽象名词＝<span word="very">very</span>＋形容词 (2)<span word="of">of</span>＋<span word="no">no</span>＋抽象名词＝<span word="not">not</span>＋形容词</p>
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