2016届高考英语二轮语法专项课件：情态动词（新人教版）
<p> 情态动词 一、<span word="can">can</span>和<span word="could">could</span>的用法 1．表示能力 <span word="Her">Her</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="French">French</span>. 2．表示客观可能性 <span word="Anybody">Anybody</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="mistakes">mistakes</span>. 3．表示许可(多用于口语) <span word="Can">Can</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="now">now</span>? 4．表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中) <span word="How">How</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="careless">careless</span>! 你怎么会那么粗心！ 5．<span word="can">can</span>的特殊用法 <span word="can">can</span> <span word="but">but</span>只有；<span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="but">but</span>不得不；<span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span>...<span word="too">too</span>再怎样也不为过，越……越好。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="wait">wait</span>.我只有等待。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="wait">wait</span>.我不得不等待。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="patient">patient</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="customers">customers</span>.你对顾客越耐心越好。 二、<span word="may">may</span>和<span word="might">might</span>的用法 1．表示允许、请求 —<span word="May">May</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="watch">watch</span> <span word="TV">TV</span> <span word="now">now</span>? —<span word="Yes">Yes</span>，<span word="you">you</span> <span word="may">may</span>.(<span word="Yes">Yes</span>，<span word="please">please</span>.) —<span word="No">No</span>，<span word="you">you</span> <span word="mustn">mustn</span>'<span word="t">t</span>.(<span word="No">No</span>，<span word="you">you</span>'<span word="d">d</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="not">not</span>.) 2．表示可能性(主要用于陈述句、肯定或否定句，疑问句用<span word="can">can</span>代替) <span word="The">The</span> <span word="story">story</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="true">true</span>. 3．表示祝愿(不用<span word="might">might</span>) <span word="May">May</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="succeed">succeed</span>! 4．<span word="may">may</span>/<span word="might">might</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span>最好还是…… <span word="You">You</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="now">now</span>. 5．<span word="may">may</span>/<span word="might">might</span> <span word="well">well</span>很可能 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="late">late</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="class">class</span>. 三、<span word="must">must</span>，<span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span>和<span word="ought">ought</span> <span word="to">to</span>的用法 1．<span word="must">must</span> (1)<span word="must">must</span>表示“必须，应该，一定要”。强调主观看法，只有现在时形式，否定式是<span word="must">must</span> <span word="not">not</span>(<span word="mustn">mustn</span>'<span word="t">t</span>)。<span word="must">must</span>开头的问句，其否定回答要用<span word="needn">needn</span>'<span word="t">t</span>或<span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span>代替。 (2)<span word="must">must</span>表示必然的结果。 <span word="All">All</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="die">die</span>.人都会死(是自然规律)。 (3)<span word="must">must</span>还可表示主语固执、偏要做他人不希望做的事。 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="help">help</span>；<span word="he">he</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="that">that</span>. 2．<span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span>着重客观需要，能用于更多时态(过去时或将来时)。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="ten">ten</span>. 3．<span word="ought">ought</span> <span word="to">to</span>表示义务和责任，“应该”，比<span word="should">should</span>语气要强。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="ought">ought</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="care">care</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="yourself">yourself</span>. 四、<span word="need">need</span>和<span word="dare">dare</span>的用法 1．<span word="need">need</span>表示“需要，必要”，只能用于否定句和疑问句。在肯定句中，常用<span word="must">must</span>和<span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span>代替。 2．<span word="dare">dare</span>表示“敢”，通常用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。 <span word="Dare">Dare</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="alone">alone</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="eleven">eleven</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="evening">evening</span>? 3．<span word="need">need</span>和<span word="dare">dare</span>的特殊用法 (1)<span word="need">need</span>表“需要”时，可用<span word="want">want</span>，<span word="require">require</span>代替。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="desk">desk</span> <span word="needs">needs</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="repaired">repaired</span>./<span word="The">The</span> <span word="desk">desk</span> <span word="needs">needs</span> <span word="repairing">repairing</span>. (2)<span word="dare">dare</span>作实义动词时，在肯定句中要接<span word="to">to</span>，在疑问句和否定句中<span word="to">to</span>可省去。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="dares">dares</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="catch">catch</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="snake">snake</span>. 五、<span word="will">will</span>和<span word="would">would</span>的用法 1．<span word="will">will</span> (1)表示请求、建议，常用于第二人称。 <span word="Will">Will</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="please">please</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="me">me</span>? (2)表示意愿、决定、允许。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="again">again</span>. (3)表示习惯性动作或某种倾向，“总是，惯于”，通常用于第三人称。 <span word="Fish">Fish</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="die">die</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="water">water</span>. 2．<span word="would">would</span> (1)表示请求、建议，比<span word="will">will</span>委婉，指现在时间，多用于第二人称。 <span word="Would">Would</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cup">cup</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="tea">tea</span>? (2)表示过去习惯性动作或某种倾向。 <span word="We">We</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="badminton">badminton</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Sundays">Sundays</span>. 六、<span word="shall">shall</span>和<span word="should">should</span>的用法 1．<span word="shall">shall</span> (1)用于第一、三人称，在问句中表示征求对方意见或请求。 (2)用于第二、三人称表示命令或威胁。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="father">father</span> <span word="says">says</span>. 2．<span word="should">should</span> (1)表示责任、义务，意为“应该”。 (2)表示惊讶语气，意为“竟然”。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="wear">wear</span> <span word="slippers">slippers</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="class">class</span>.</p>
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