许渊冲“三美”论赏析《春晓》三种英语本
<p>一、“三美论”简述</p><p>许渊冲先生是中国翻译界的大师，成就卓越，著作等身，致力于翻译中国古典文化著作。更可贵的是，许先生在翻译理论上也颇有建树。根据自己多年的翻译经验，许老建立了一整套中英互译的理论体系，如“美化之势”、“再创论”等。</p><p>“三美论”是许渊冲先生基于鲁迅在《汉文学史纲要》中所说的“意美以感心，音美以感耳，形美以感目”而提出来的。其中“意美”是指译文要再现原文的意境美，比如象征义、双关义、深层义、言外义等。“音美”主要指平仄、节奏、双声、叠韵、押韵等。许先生在处理音韵上认为英文没有平仄，可译成轻重音的交替；双声韵是中英文中均有的，可用同样形式互译；而叠音则可以灵活翻译，但要尽可能再现原诗的音美。“形美”包括语言简练整齐、句子对仗工整等。</p><p>二、译文比较和分析</p><p>原诗： 春 晓</p><p>孟浩然</p><p>春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。</p><p>夜来风雨声，花落知多少。</p><p>许渊冲译文：</p><p><span word="This">This</span> <span word="morn">morn</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="spring">spring</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="bed">bed</span> <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="lying">lying</span>,</p><p><span word="Not">Not</span> <span word="wake">wake</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="till">till</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="hear">hear</span> <span word="birds">birds</span> <span word="crying">crying</span>.</p><p><span word="After">After</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="night">night</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="wind">wind</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="showers">showers</span>,</p><p><span word="How">How</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fallen">fallen</span> <span word="flowers">flowers</span>!</p><p>约翰·特纳译文：</p><p><span word="How">How</span> <span word="suddenly">suddenly</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="morning">morning</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Spring">Spring</span>!</p>
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