2016届高考英语二轮语法强攻课件：介词和介词短语
<p> 介词和介词短语也是高考的一个必考点，每年都保持在一至两个题目，命题形式除了单项填空外还在完形填空、语法填空、短文改错中进行考查，其考点主要涉及常用介词的用法区别，介词与动词、名词、形容词等的常见搭配，介词在特定语境中的选用和介词短语的用法等。掌握介词必须要立足基本用法，广泛记忆，细心体会比较。 一、考查介词的基本用法 常考介词有：<span word="about">about</span>, <span word="across">across</span>, <span word="against">against</span>, <span word="without">without</span>, <span word="among">among</span>, <span word="at">at</span>, <span word="by">by</span>, <span word="beyond">beyond</span>, <span word="for">for</span>, <span word="from">from</span>, <span word="in">in</span>, <span word="into">into</span>, <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="on">on</span>, <span word="over">over</span>, <span word="through">through</span>, <span word="to">to</span>, <span word="with">with</span>等。 【考例】 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="serious">serious</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="physics">physics</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="impossible">impossible</span> _____ <span word="some">some</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="mathematics">mathematics</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="against">against</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="before">before</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="beyond">beyond</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="without">without</span> <span word="D">D</span></p><p> 二、介词与其它词的习惯搭配 【考例】<span word="Before">Before</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="visit">visit</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="interest">interest</span>, <span word="look">look</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="library">library</span> _____ <span word="a">a</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="it">it</span>.<span word="A">A</span>. <span word="on">on</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="at">at</span> </p><p> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="for">for</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="to">to</span> <span word="C">C</span> 三、介词短语辨析 【考例】<span word="Mrs">Mrs</span>. <span word="Smith">Smith</span> <span word="finds">finds</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="clear">clear</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mess">mess</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="always">always</span> _____ <span word="whenever">whenever</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="tries">tries</span> <span word="to">to</span>. </p><p> <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="on">on</span> <span word="watch">watch</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="in">in</span> <span word="sight">sight</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="line">line</span> <span word="A">A</span> 介词无法在句中独立担当成分，其后一般接名词、代词或动词-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式，还可接不定式（如：<span word="except">except</span>, <span word="but">but</span>）或<span word="that">that</span>引导的从句作宾语，构成介词短语，有时还可接另外一个介词短语（如：<span word="from">from</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trees">trees</span>）。 一、介词的分类 1. 从结构上分，可分为：简单介词（如：<span word="at">at</span>, <span word="in">in</span>, <span word="on">on</span>, <span word="for">for</span>, <span word="over">over</span>, <span word="up">up</span>）、合成介词（如：<span word="inside">inside</span>, <span word="outside">outside</span>, <span word="within">within</span>, <span word="without">without</span>）、以-<span word="ing">ing</span>结尾的介词（如：<span word="concerning">concerning</span>, <span word="including">including</span>, <span word="excluding">excluding</span>, <span word="following">following</span>）和短语介词（如：<span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span>, <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="apart">apart</span> <span word="from">from</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="of">of</span>）。 2. 从含义上分，可分为表示时间（如：<span word="at">at</span>, <span word="in">in</span>, <span word="on">on</span>, <span word="before">before</span>, <span word="between">between</span>）、地点（如：<span word="at">at</span>, <span word="in">in</span>, <span word="on">on</span>, <span word="under">under</span>, <span word="behind">behind</span>）、趋向（如：<span word="to">to</span> / <span word="towards">towards</span>, <span word="across">across</span>, <span word="off">off</span>, <span word="up">up</span>）、原因（如：<span word="for">for</span>, <span word="with">with</span>, <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span>）、让步（如：<span word="despite">despite</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="spite">spite</span> <span word="of">of</span>）和条件（如：<span word="in">in</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="without">without</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="for">for</span>）等的介词。 1 核心介词用法解析 1)表示“时间”的介词 (1) <span word="at">at</span>，<span word="on">on</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="at">at</span>：用在钟点、黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜、节日等时间名词前或表示一段时间的开头或结尾。</p>
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