2016届高考英语基础知识讲解与训练：词汇辨析动词及其短语辨析
<p> 英语基础知识 词汇辨析的讲解与训练</p><p> 动词及其短语辨析</p><p> 知识要点</p><p> 高考英语词汇辨析一般在于同义词、近义词的词义和用法辨析、反义词之间的意义差别、词组（短语）的用法异同点以及一些习惯用法和固定搭配等。常见的有形容词与副词辨析、名词及其用法辨析、动词及其短语辨析、代词及其用法辨析、介词和连词等用法辨析。</p><p> 动词及其短语辨析</p><p> 1) 动词及其短语辨析难点</p><p> 其难点一般在于考查动词易混词辨析、同义词、近义词、系动词、及物动词与不及物动词的用法等。动词短语的辨析仍是重中之重, 主要考查动词与介词或副词的固定搭配, 如:与介词的搭配、与介词副词的搭配、特殊句型、习惯用法以及语境中的用法等。</p><p> ①动词和动词短语易混词辨析</p><p> 动词易混词的辨析主要涉及形状相近的动词之间的辨义,意义相近的动词之间的辨义,动词与其它形状相近、意义相似的词的辨义,意义不同但容易混淆的动词的辨义,某些常用动词短语的辨义等。具体有:<span word="a">a</span>.形状相同的动词之间的辨义,如:<span word="lie">lie</span>, <span word="lay">lay</span>； <span word="hanged">hanged</span>, <span word="hung">hung</span>； <span word="rise">rise</span>, <span word="raise">raise</span>； <span word="sit">sit</span>, <span word="seat">seat</span>等;<span word="b">b</span>.意义相近的动词之间的辨义,如:<span word="borrow">borrow</span>, <span word="lend">lend</span>； <span word="speak">speak</span>, <span word="say">say</span>, <span word="talk">talk</span>；<span word="hope">hope</span>, <span word="wish">wish</span>等；<span word="c">c</span>.动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义,如:<span word="advise">advise</span>, <span word="advice">advice</span>； <span word="cost">cost</span>, <span word="worth">worth</span>； <span word="pass">pass</span>, <span word="past">past</span> 等；<span word="d">d</span>.意义不同,但容易混淆的动词的辨义,如:<span word="explain">explain</span>, <span word="say">say</span>； <span word="discover">discover</span>, <span word="invent">invent</span>, <span word="uncover">uncover</span>等；<span word="e">e</span>.某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义, 如:<span word="ask">ask</span>, <span word="give">give</span>, <span word="call">call</span>, <span word="make">make</span>, <span word="find">find</span>, <span word="get">get</span>, <span word="keep">keep</span>, <span word="want">want</span>, <span word="see">see</span>, <span word="hear">hear</span>, <span word="come">come</span>, <span word="take">take</span>, <span word="put">put</span>, <span word="break">break</span>, <span word="turn">turn</span>等； <span word="f">f</span>.某些常用动词短语的辨义, 如:<span word="give">give</span> <span word="in">in</span>, <span word="give">give</span> <span word="out">out</span>, <span word="give">give</span> <span word="away">away</span>, <span word="give">give</span> <span word="up">up</span>; <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="on">on</span>, <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="off">off</span>, <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="down">down</span>, <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="up">up</span>等。</p>
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