近三年高考（2017-2016）英语试题分项版解析：专题20 完形填空之议论文和说明文类（原卷版）
<p> 2016年高考题</p><p> 【2016·上海】<span word="Reading">Reading</span> <span word="Comprehension">Comprehension</span></p><p> <span word="Section">Section</span> <span word="A">A</span></p><p> <span word="Directions">Directions</span>: <span word="For">For</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="blank">blank</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="passage">passage</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="phrases">phrases</span> <span word="marked">marked</span> <span word="A">A</span>, <span word="B">B</span>, <span word="C">C</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="Fill">Fill</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="blank">blank</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="word">word</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="phrase">phrase</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="fits">fits</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="context">context</span>.</p><p> <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1960<span word="s">s</span>, <span word="Douglas">Douglas</span> <span word="McGregor">McGregor</span>, <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="key">key</span> <span word="thinkers">thinkers</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="art">art</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="management">management</span>, <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mow">mow</span> <span word="famous">famous</span> <span word="Theory">Theory</span> <span word="X">X</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Theory">Theory</span> <span word="Y">Y</span>. <span word="Theory">Theory</span> <span word="X">X</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="instinctively">instinctively</span></p><p> 51</p><p> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="anything">anything</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="avoid">avoid</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="Theory">Theory</span> <span word="Y">Y</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="view">view</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="everyone">everyone</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="potential">potential</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="satisfaction">satisfaction</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="work">work</span>.</p><p> <span word="In">In</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="case">case</span>, <span word="despite">despite</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span></p><p> 52</p><p> , <span word="many">many</span> <span word="managers">managers</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="agree">agree</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Theory">Theory</span> <span word="X">X</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="believe">believe</span>,</p><p> 53</p><p> , <span word="that">that</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="employees">employees</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="constant">constant</span> <span word="supervision">supervision</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="effectively">effectively</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="decisions">decisions</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="imposed">imposed</span> <span word="from">from</span></p><p> 54</p><p> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="consultation">consultation</span>. <span word="This">This</span>, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="course">course</span>, <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="authoritarian">authoritarian</span> (专制的) <span word="managers">managers</span>.</p><p> <span word="Different">Different</span> <span word="cultures">cultures</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="of">of</span></p><p> 55</p><p> <span word="people">people</span>. <span word="Unlike">Unlike</span> <span word="authoritarian">authoritarian</span> <span word="management">management</span>, <span word="some">some</span> <span word="cultures">cultures</span>, <span word="particularly">particularly</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span>, <span word="are">are</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="consultative">consultative</span> <span word="nature">nature</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="decision">decision</span>-<span word="making">making</span>—<span word="all">all</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="department">department</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="to">to</span></p><p> 56</p><p> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="process">process</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="management">management</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="collective">collective</span> <span word="opinion">opinion</span>. <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="western">western</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="tried">tried</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="imitate">imitate</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="Asian">Asian</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="things">things</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="based">based</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="general">general</span></p>
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