2017届福建省高考英语一轮复习题型备考课件：题型备考二 完型填空（新人教版）
<p> 命题规律 实例剖析 题型备考指导：完型填空 -*- 1.文章长度适度,体裁稳定 最近四年的完形填空的文章长度都在300词左右,空间相隔15词上下;文体大多为记叙文(表现为夹叙夹议)或说明文;偶尔出现议论文。2015年全国新课标Ⅰ卷完形填空为记叙文,文章字数313词,词量适中。 2.题材新颖;情真意切 近几年文章的选材都能够体现人文关怀,传播正能量,弘扬人与人之间的爱心帮助,具有积极向上的意义。内容多涉及人物心理动作的细致描写,篇章与语句结构变化丰富多彩。2015年全国新课标Ⅰ卷完形填空的文章内容为“帮助需要帮助的人”,让学生进一步体会到人与人之间的相互关爱。 -*- 3.考点的设置与分布(实词主导,兼顾其他) 完形填空中90%的挖空设题都是以名词、动词、形容词和副词为主要考查内容;同时也兼顾了其他词类(连词、代词、介词)的考查。近两年来对形容词、副词等描绘性实词的考查量在增加。2015年全国新课标Ⅰ卷完形填空考查动词6个(41,45,46,49,51,56);考查名词7个(42,43,47,52,55,58,59);考查形容词3个(48,53,60);考查副词3个(44,50,57),考查代词1个(54),其中涉及短语考查43题 <span word="make">make</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="comment">comment</span> <span word="on">on</span>,48题<span word="be">be</span> <span word="low">low</span> <span word="on">on</span>,56题和59题<span word="in">in</span> <span word="need">need</span>。 -*- 4.命题趋势 (1)考点趋势及设题层次 考点的设计仍以实词为主,虚词为辅。设题层次分为三类:词间项(指设空根据所填单词前后的单词确定答案);句内项(指设空根据所填单词所在的句子本身确定答案);句间项(指设空根据所填单词的句子的前后提示确定答案),三种设题层次在考查难度上依次递增。后两项为近两年来的考查重点,要求学生有较好的阅读分析和综合语言运用能力。 (2)理解层次趋势(突出语篇) 完形填空弱化了对语法的考查,更加注重对文章的整体内容和上下文逻辑的理解,提供了恰当的语境,避免了对空格的孤立考查。记叙文的向善、励志的文本选择,但是更要求学生能身临其境,要有很强的画面感。 -*- (3)信息量和词汇量 完形填空的篇章长度较短,信息量不大,但是词汇量要求并未有降低,选项中涉及的80个单词或短语必须熟练掌握;从2015年的设题情况看,非考纲词汇有所涉及,有派生词作为正确答案(<span word="watery">watery</span>),生词少,活用多(考查了<span word="comment">comment</span>,<span word="appreciate">appreciate</span>,<span word="be">be</span> <span word="low">low</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="money">money</span>,<span word="declare">declare</span>等在语境中的用法)。因此要求学生把词汇的基本意义把握牢固,同时兼顾词汇的合成、派生和转化。 (4)体裁与题材 体裁多样化:记叙文(可能性大)、说明文和议论文。内容将会更加贴近生活和时代,思想健康,对民族文化和语言背景知识的考查力度加大。充分体现“文化渗透及语言语境化”的思想。 -*- 1.在平时的学习过程中,要加强基础知识的复习与巩固,特别注意常用词、词组、习语和句型的积累。 2.精选练习,进行针对性的专题训练。提高篇章意识,培养逻辑思维能力;增加阅读量,大量接触地道的语言材料,体会异国文化,习得英语的思维表达方式,培养语感。 3.不要过多地进行近义词辨析,掌握科学有效的答题技巧。先速读全文了解大意,然后根据全篇和上下文语境进行选择与判断,最终确立答案。 4.学会分析错题,避免出现类似的错误。每做完一篇完形填空题,都应对所错之处进行分析,总结出错的原因,找出正确的解题思路,巩固好词汇,以便养成良好的解题习惯和熟练的解题技巧。 -*- 实例 剖析 2015·课标全国Ⅰ)<span word="My">My</span> <span word="kids">kids</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="heading">heading</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="supermarket">supermarket</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="weekend">weekend</span>.<span word="On">On</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="way">way</span>,<span word="we">we</span> <span word="spotted">spotted</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="holding">holding</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="piece">piece</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="paper">paper</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="said">said</span>,“ 41 <span word="my">my</span> <span word="job">job</span>.<span word="Family">Family</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Feed">Feed</span>.”<span word="At">At</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="store">store</span>,<span word="a">a</span> 42 <span word="like">like</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="normal">normal</span>.<span word="My">My</span> 10-<span word="year">year</span>-<span word="old">old</span> <span word="noticed">noticed</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="a">a</span> 43 <span word="on">on</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stand">stand</span> 44 <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cold">cold</span> <span word="wind">wind</span>.41.<span word="A">A</span>.<span word="Quit">Quit</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="Changed">Changed</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="Lost">Lost</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="Finished">Finished</span> 42.<span word="A">A</span>.<span word="condition">condition</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="place">place</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="sight">sight</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="show">show</span> 43.<span word="A">A</span>.<span word="suggestion">suggestion</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="comment">comment</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="decision">decision</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="call">call</span> 44.<span word="A">A</span>.<span word="by">by</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="proudly">proudly</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="angrily">angrily</span> -*- 实例 剖析 <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="store">store</span>,<span word="I">I</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="kids">kids</span> <span word="to">to</span></p>
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