2017届高考英语一轮复习语法专题提分考点课件：4 主谓一致
<p> 语法专题</p><p> 语法提分微点案 考点4 主谓一致 微视角 大领悟</p><p> 微学堂 涨分数</p><p> 微考场 新演练</p><p> 主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上与主语保持一致，一般遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、就近一致原则和意义一致原则。做题时还要注意时态及其他语法及词义的正确性。</p><p> 微视角 大领悟 </p><p> 练知考情 会方法技巧 (2017·新课标卷Ⅰ)<span word="It">It</span> ________ (<span word="be">be</span>) <span word="unimaginable">unimaginable</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="ever">ever</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="cleaned">cleaned</span> <span word="up">up</span>. 解析：根据<span word="could">could</span> <span word="ever">ever</span>用一般过去时，由于主语是<span word="It">It</span>，是单数，因此此处谓语用<span word="was">was</span>。 <span word="was">was</span></p><p> ①分析句子成分，确定所填词在句中作谓语。 ②确定句子的主语，根据单数主语用单数谓语，复数主语用复数谓语的原则解题。 1．(2015·新课标卷Ⅰ短文改错)<span word="Lots">Lots</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="global">global</span> <span word="warming">warming</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="serious">serious</span>. 答案与解析：第一个<span word="has">has</span>→<span word="have">have</span> 主语<span word="lots">lots</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="studies">studies</span>为复数，故谓语用复数。 2．(2015·浙江卷短文改错)<span word="On">On</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="right">right</span> <span word="side">side</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="class">class</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="road">road</span>. 答案与解析：<span word="were">were</span>→ <span word="was">was</span> 倒装句中主语是<span word="the">the</span> <span word="road">road</span>，故谓语用单数。 3．(2017·辽宁卷短文改错)<span word="The">The</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="morning">morning</span> <span word="barking">barking</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="disturbing">disturbing</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="night">night</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="baby">baby</span>. 答案与解析：<span word="have">have</span>→<span word="has">has</span> 主语<span word="barking">barking</span>为单数，故谓语用单数形式。 4．(2017·新课标卷Ⅱ短文改错)<span word="My">My</span> <span word="dream">dream</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="garden">garden</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="flowers">flowers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="trees">trees</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span> <span word="buildings">buildings</span>. 答案与解析：<span word="look">look</span>→<span word="looks">looks</span> 主语<span word="school">school</span>为单数，故谓语用单数。 5．(2017·四川卷短文改错)<span word="I">I</span>'<span word="m">m</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="talk">talk</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fire">fire</span> <span word="alarm">alarm</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="off">off</span>. 答案与解析：<span word="go">go</span>→<span word="goes">goes</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fire">fire</span> <span word="alarm">alarm</span>为主语，故谓语用单数。 6．<span word="Suddenly">Suddenly</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="arrows">arrows</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="flying">flying</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sky">sky</span>. 答案与解析：<span word="was">was</span>→<span word="were">were</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="arrows">arrows</span>为复数主语，故谓语用复数。 7．<span word="You">You</span>, <span word="dear">dear</span> <span word="diary">diary</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="souvenir">souvenir</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="friend">friend</span>. 答案与解析：<span word="is">is</span>→<span word="are">are</span> 主语是<span word="you">you</span>，故谓语用<span word="are">are</span>。 短文改错常出现谓语动词单复数的误判。做题时注意： ①第三人称单数的代词作主语，谓语是否用单数形式。 ②不定式短语、动名词或名词性从句作主语，谓语动词是否错用作复数形式。</p>
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