2017届高考英语一轮复习单元训练：5.2《The United Kingdom》（新人教版含解析）
<p> Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)</p><p> <span word="A">A</span></p><p> <span word="Life">Life</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="simpler">simpler</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="days">days</span>. <span word="Everything">Everything</span> <span word="revolves">revolves</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="button">button</span>! <span word="With">With</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="introduction">introduction</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="washing">washing</span> <span word="machines">machines</span>, <span word="washing">washing</span> <span word="clothes">clothes</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="easier">easier</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="machines">machines</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="dry">dry</span> <span word="clothes">clothes</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="least">least</span> 70 <span word="to">to</span> 80 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="already">already</span> <span word="half">half</span><span word="dried">dried</span> <span word="clothes">clothes</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="washing">washing</span> <span word="machines">machines</span> <span word="evolved">evolved</span>?</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="washing">washing</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scrub">scrub</span> (擦洗) <span word="board">board</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="invented">invented</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="year">year</span> 1797. <span word="In">In</span> 1851, <span word="American">American</span> <span word="man">man</span>, <span word="James">James</span> <span word="King">King</span>, <span word="discovered">discovered</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="patented">patented</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="washing">washing</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="drum">drum</span>.<span word="However">However</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="hand">hand</span><span word="powered">powered</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="itself">itself</span>.</p><p> <span word="Then">Then</span>, <span word="in">in</span> 1858, <span word="William">William</span> <span word="Blackstone">Blackstone</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Indiana">Indiana</span> <span word="built">built</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="washing">washing</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="wife">wife</span>.<span word="This">This</span> <span word="washing">washing</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="removed">removed</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="washed">washed</span> <span word="away">away</span> <span word="dirt">dirt</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="clothes">clothes</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="official">official</span> <span word="washing">washing</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="home">home</span>.</p><p> <span word="In">In</span> 1908, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Hurley">Hurley</span> <span word="Machine">Machine</span> <span word="Company">Company</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Chicago">Chicago</span> <span word="invented">invented</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Thor">Thor</span> <span word="machine">machine</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="washing">washing</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="electrically">electrically</span> <span word="powered">powered</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="galvanized">galvanized</span> (电镀的) <span word="metal">metal</span> <span word="tub">tub</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="electric">electric</span> <span word="motor">motor</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span> <span word="washing">washing</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="heavy">heavy</span>, <span word="cast">cast</span><span word="iron">iron</span> <span word="mechanism">mechanism</span> <span word="mounted">mounted</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tub">tub</span> <span word="lid">lid</span>, <span word="making">making</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="heavy">heavy</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="move">move</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="introduction">introduction</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="metal">metal</span> <span word="tub">tub</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="reduction">reduction</span> <span word="gears">gears</span> (减速齿轮) <span word="in">in</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="replaced">replaced</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="heavy">heavy</span> <span word="equipment">equipment</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="by">by</span> 1920 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="production">production</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="wooden">wooden</span> <span word="tub">tub</span> <span word="washing">washing</span> <span word="machines">machines</span> <span word="completely">completely</span> <span word="stopped">stopped</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="machines">machines</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="noise">noise</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="bulky">bulky</span> <span word="metal">metal</span> <span word="tubs">tubs</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="modification">modification</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="covering">covering</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tubs">tubs</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="white">white</span> <span word="enameled">enameled</span> (磁漆的) <span word="sheet">sheet</span> <span word="metal">metal</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cleaning">cleaning</span> <span word="process">process</span> <span word="easier">easier</span>.</p>
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