2017届高考英语大一轮复习专题课件：专题4 动词的时态和语态（全国通用）
<p> (5)<span word="want">want</span>，<span word="require">require</span>, <span word="need">need</span>后面的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。 <span word="Your">Your</span> <span word="coat">coat</span> <span word="needs">needs</span> <span word="washing">washing</span>.你的上衣需要洗洗了。 (6)<span word="be">be</span> <span word="worth">worth</span> <span word="doing">doing</span>用主动形式表示被动含义。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="worth">worth</span> <span word="reading">reading</span>.这本书很值得一读。 (7)在“<span word="be">be</span>＋形容词＋ <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="isn">isn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="fit">fit</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="drink">drink</span>.这种水不适合饮用。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="isn">isn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="easy">easy</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="with">with</span>.这女孩不容易相处。 ★(1)<span word="be">be</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="blame">blame</span>(受谴责)，<span word="be">be</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rent">rent</span>(出租)也用主动形式表被动。 (2)被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况。</p><p> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="seated">seated</span>坐着； <span word="be">be</span> <span word="hidden">hidden</span>躲藏； <span word="be">be</span> <span word="lost">lost</span>迷路； <span word="be">be</span> <span word="drunk">drunk</span>喝醉； <span word="be">be</span> <span word="dressed">dressed</span>穿着</p><p> (3)被动语态与系表结构的区别。</p><p> 此处的系表结构指“连系动词＋用作表语的过去分词”结构，它与被动语态的形式完全一样。要注意它们的区别： 被动语态强调动作；系表结构表示主语的特点或状态。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="sold">sold</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="bookstore">bookstore</span>.(被动语态) <span word="The">The</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="sold">sold</span>.(系表结构) 4.使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题 (1)主动变为被动时双宾语的变化。</p><p> <span word="My">My</span> <span word="friend">friend</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="interesting">interesting</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="birthday">birthday</span>. <span word="An">An</span> <span word="interesting">interesting</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="me">me</span> (<span word="by">by</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="friend">friend</span>) <span word="on">on</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="birthday">birthday</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="interesting">interesting</span> <span word="book">book</span> (<span word="by">by</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="friend">friend</span>) <span word="on">on</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="birthday">birthday</span>. (2)主动变为被动时，宾语成主语；(作补语的)不定式前需加<span word="to">to</span>(位置不变)。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="boss">boss</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="long">long</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="long">long</span> (<span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="boss">boss</span>). (3)短语动词变被动语态时，勿要掉“尾巴”。</p>
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