2017届高考英语一轮复习（专题攻略）之时态语态：现在完成时（含解析）
<p> 1. 表示过去的动作对现在的影响或结果，常用<span word="recently">recently</span>, <span word="lately">lately</span>, <span word="ever">ever</span>, <span word="never">never</span>, <span word="once">once</span>, <span word="before">before</span>, <span word="yet">yet</span>, <span word="just">just</span>等作时间状语。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="hasn">hasn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="son">son</span> <span word="lately">lately</span>. 他最近没有得到他儿子的任何信息。</p><p> <span word="Have">Have</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="ever">ever</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="London">London</span>? 你曾去过伦敦呢？</p><p> 2. 表示开始于过去某一时刻，一直持续到现在而且还有可能继续下去的动作。常用<span word="so">so</span> <span word="farup">farup</span> <span word="till">till</span> <span word="now">now</span>, <span word="since">since</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span>/<span word="last">last</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="years">years</span>, <span word="these">these</span> <span word="days">days</span>等作时间状语。</p><p> <span word="So">So</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="earth">earth</span>.迄今为止，没有在地球外的星球上发现生命。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="learned">learned</span> 5，000 <span word="English">English</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="college">college</span>.自从他上大学以来已经学会了5,000英语单词。</p><p> “<span word="This">This</span>/<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span>＋<span word="the">the</span> ＋序数词＋<span word="time">time</span> ＋<span word="that">that</span>...”句式中，<span word="that">that</span>后的从句用现在完成时。</p><p> <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="visited">visited</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="university">university</span>.</p><p> 这是我第二次参观这所大学。</p><p> 非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="haven">haven</span>''<span word="t">t</span> <span word="received">received</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="letter">letter</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="month">month</span>.<span word="since">since</span>与<span word="for">for</span>用法比较</p><p> <span word="since">since</span> 用来说明动作起始时间</p><p> <span word="for">for</span> 用来说明动作延续时间长度</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="twenty">twenty</span> <span word="years">years</span>. 我在这里住了二十多年了。</p>
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