2017届高考英语牛津版一轮复习语法考点专练课件：10 特殊句式
<p> 随着越来越多的森林被砍伐,每年有大量的泥土被冲刷走了。 <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="quantity">quantity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bottle">bottle</span>. 瓶子里还剩下少量的水。 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="quantity">quantity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="sale">sale</span> <span word="now">now</span>. 大量图书现在正在热销。 <span word="Great">Great</span> <span word="quantities">quantities</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="fish">fish</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="caught">caught</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="day">day</span>. 那天抓了很多鱼。 当<span word="must">must</span> 作“必须”讲时,其反意疑问部分用<span word="needn">needn</span>'<span word="t">t</span>;当含有<span word="mustn">mustn</span>'<span word="t">t</span>(不允许、 禁止)时,其反意疑问部分用<span word="must">must</span>。如: <span word="You">You</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="now">now</span>,<span word="needn">needn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="you">you</span>? 你现在必须走,是吗? <span word="You">You</span> <span word="mustn">mustn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="smoke">smoke</span> <span word="here">here</span>,<span word="must">must</span> <span word="you">you</span>? 你不可以在此吸烟,行吗? 当<span word="must">must</span>/<span word="may">may</span>(<span word="might">might</span>)表示推测,即<span word="must">must</span>作“一定,准是”讲,<span word="may">may</span>/<span word="might">might</span>作“可能” 讲时,可首先将句子改为“<span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="sure">sure</span>/<span word="guess">guess</span> <span word="that">that</span>从句”,反意疑问部分的动词形 式根据<span word="be">be</span> <span word="sure">sure</span>/<span word="guess">guess</span>后的宾语从句的谓语动词形式确定。如: 1.<span word="You">You</span> <span word="must">must</span>/<span word="may">may</span>(<span word="might">might</span>)<span word="be">be</span> <span word="hungry">hungry</span> <span word="now">now</span>, ?→<span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="sure">sure</span>/<span word="guess">guess</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="hungry">hungry</span> <span word="now">now</span>,<span word="aren">aren</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="you">you</span>?→<span word="You">You</span> <span word="must">must</span>/<span word="may">may</span>(<span word="might">might</span>)<span word="be">be</span> <span word="hungry">hungry</span> <span word="now">now</span>,<span word="aren">aren</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="you">you</span>? 知识清单三 反意疑问句 一、陈述部分含有<span word="must">must</span>的反意疑问句 你现在一定/可能饿了,是吗? 2.<span word="You">You</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="it">it</span>, ?→<span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="sure">sure</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="it">it</span>, <span word="haven">haven</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="you">you</span>?→<span word="You">You</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="it">it</span>,<span word="haven">haven</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="you">you</span>? 你一定听说过这件事了,是吗? 3.<span word="You">You</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="watched">watched</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="football">football</span> <span word="match">match</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="night">night</span>, ?→<span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="sure">sure</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="watched">watched</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="football">football</span> <span word="match">match</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="night">night</span>,<span word="didn">didn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="you">you</span>?→<span word="You">You</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="watched">watched</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="football">football</span> <span word="match">match</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="night">night</span>,<span word="didn">didn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="you">you</span>? 你昨晚一定看那场足球赛了,是吗?(陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语<span word="last">last</span> <span word="night">night</span>) 二、陈述部分含有<span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> 的反意疑问句 其反意疑问部分用 <span word="usedn">usedn</span>'<span word="t">t</span>或<span word="didn">didn</span>'<span word="t">t</span>均可。如: <span word="You">You</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="windows">windows</span> <span word="open">open</span>,<span word="usedn">usedn</span>'<span word="t">t</span>/<span word="didn">didn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="you">you</span>? 你过去经常开着窗户睡觉,是吗? 三、陈述部分含有<span word="ought">ought</span> <span word="to">to</span>的反意疑问句 其反意疑问部分用<span word="oughtn">oughtn</span>'<span word="t">t</span>或<span word="shouldn">shouldn</span>'<span word="t">t</span>均可。如: <span word="He">He</span> <span word="ought">ought</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="attend">attend</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lecture">lecture</span>,<span word="oughtn">oughtn</span>'<span word="t">t</span>/<span word="shouldn">shouldn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="he">he</span>? 他应该去听这个演讲,是不是? 四、陈述部分含有否定词或半否定词的反意疑问句 当陈述部分带有<span word="seldom">seldom</span>,<span word="hardly">hardly</span>,<span word="scarcely">scarcely</span>,<span word="never">never</span>,<span word="few">few</span>,<span word="little">little</span>,<span word="nothing">nothing</span>,<span word="nobody">nobody</span>等否定词 或半否定词时,反意疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如: <span word="He">He</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="hardly">hardly</span> <span word="walk">walk</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="stick">stick</span>,<span word="could">could</span> <span word="he">he</span>? 没有拐杖他几乎不能走路,是吗? 五、如果陈述部分含有由表示“否定”意义的前缀构成的词,其反意疑问部 分一般用否定式。如: <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="dislikes">dislikes</span> <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="tennis">tennis</span>,<span word="doesn">doesn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="he">he</span>? 汤姆不喜欢打网球,是吗? <span word="It">It</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="unfair">unfair</span>,<span word="isn">isn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="it">it</span>? 那不公平,不是吗? 六、陈述部分含有宾语从句的反意疑问句 1.当陈述部分带有宾语从句时,反意疑问部分的主语与助动词常和主句保持一 致。如: <span word="He">He</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="birthday">birthday</span> <span word="party">party</span>,<span word="didn">didn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="he">he</span>? 他说他要来参加我的生日聚会,是吗? 2.陈述部分主句的谓语动词是<span word="think">think</span>,<span word="believe">believe</span>,<span word="suppose">suppose</span>,<span word="guess">guess</span>,<span word="expect">expect</span>,<span word="imagine">imagine</span>,且主 语为第一人称时,反意疑问部分的主语和时态与宾语从句的主语和时态保持 一致;陈述部分主句的主语为第二、三人称时,反意疑问部分的主语和时态与 主句的主语和时态保持一致。如: <span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="succeed">succeed</span>,<span word="will">will</span> <span word="he">he</span>? 我认为他不会成功,会吗? <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="doesn">doesn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="Jane">Jane</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="succeed">succeed</span>,<span word="does">does</span> <span word="he">he</span>? 汤姆认为简不会成功,对吗? 七、祈使句的反意疑问句 祈使句后的附加问句不表示反意,而表示一种语气。其结构为: 1.否定祈使句,+<span word="will">will</span> <span word="you">you</span>? 2.肯定祈使句,+<span word="will">will</span>/<span word="won">won</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="you">you</span>? 3.<span word="Let">Let</span>'<span word="s">s</span>...,+<span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="we">we</span>? 4.<span word="Let">Let</span> <span word="us">us</span>...,+<span word="will">will</span>/<span word="won">won</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="you">you</span>? 5.<span word="Let">Let</span>+第三人称...,+<span word="will">will</span> <span word="you">you</span>?如:</p>
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