2016届高考英语二轮复习微专题强化课件：3 短文改错
<p> 核心考点 对应演练 走向高考 · 英语 第一部分 微专题强化练 三 短文改错 第一部分 考 向 分 析 考 题 引 路 强 化 训 练 2 3 1 易 错 防 范 4 考 向 分 析 年份 2017 2015 命题趋势 课标全国<span word="I">I</span> 课标全国Ⅱ 课标全国<span word="I">I</span> 课标全国Ⅱ 题材 记叙文 说明文 记叙文 记叙文 改错以句为单位，每句最多两处错误。全文通常为八处错词，一处漏词，一处多词。有时改法不唯一，如：2015课标Ⅱ卷第五处错误可以把<span word="where">where</span>改为<span word="that">that</span>也可删去<span word="where">where</span>。题材以记叙文为主，考查点越来越全，越来越细。 考 查 点 形容词与副词(4)，动词(1)，名词(1)，连词(1)，介词(1)，代词(1)，冠词(1) 动词(3)，介词(2)，代词(2)，名词(1)，冠词(1)，形容词与副词(1) 动词(3)，代词(2)，形容词与副词(1)，名词(1)，连词(1)，介词(1)，冠词(1) 动词(3)，形容词与副词(2)，连词(1)，冠词(1)，介词(1)，名词(1)，代词(1) 考查方式 错词(8)，多词(1)，漏词(1) 错词(8)，多词(1)，漏词(1) 错词(8)，多词(1)，漏词(1) 错词(8)，多词(1)，漏词(1) 考 题 引 路 (一) (2015·课标全国Ⅰ) <span word="When">When</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="child">child</span>，<span word="I">I</span> <span word="hoped">hoped</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span>.<span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="happy">happy</span> <span word="there">there</span>.<span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="city">city</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="miss">miss</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="countryside">countryside</span>.<span word="There">There</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="clean">clean</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mountains">mountains</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="green">green</span>.<span word="Unfortunately">Unfortunately</span>，<span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="industrialization">industrialization</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="polluted">polluted</span>.<span word="Lots">Lots</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="global">global</span> <span word="warming">warming</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="already">already</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="seriously">seriously</span> <span word="problem">problem</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="airs">airs</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="breathe">breathe</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="dirtier">dirtier</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dirtier">dirtier</span>.<span word="Much">Much</span> <span word="rare">rare</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="dying">dying</span> <span word="out">out</span>.<span word="We">We</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="protect">protect</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="environment">environment</span>.<span word="If">If</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="fail">fail</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="so">so</span>，<span word="we">we</span>'<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="regret">regret</span> <span word="it">it</span>. 第二处：<span word="countryside">countryside</span>前加<span word="the">the</span> 冠词漏用。句意为：我现在生活在城市里，但我想念我乡下的家。此处应是特指作者童年所生活的乡下，故加定冠词<span word="the">the</span>。 第三处：<span word="or">or</span>→<span word="and">and</span> 连词错误。由语境可知，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="clean">clean</span>和<span word="the">the</span> <span word="mountains">mountains</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="green">green</span>之间应是并列关系，不是选择关系，故把<span word="or">or</span>改为<span word="and">and</span>。 第四处：<span word="on">on</span>→<span word="with">with</span> 介词误用。<span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="of">of</span>...为固定搭配，意为“随着……的发展”。故把<span word="on">on</span>改为<span word="with">with</span>。 第五处：删除<span word="been">been</span> 语态误用。句子主语<span word="studies">studies</span>和谓语动词<span word="show">show</span>之间应是主动关系，故删除<span word="been">been</span>。 第六处：<span word="seriously">seriously</span>→<span word="serious">serious</span> 副词误用。名词<span word="problem">problem</span>前应用形容词修饰，故把<span word="seriously">seriously</span>改为<span word="serous">serous</span>。 第七处：<span word="airs">airs</span>→<span word="air">air</span> 名词错误。<span word="air">air</span>意为“空气”时为不可数名词，故把<span word="airs">airs</span>改为<span word="air">air</span>。 第八处：<span word="Much">Much</span>→<span word="Many">Many</span> 副词误用。<span word="animals">animals</span>是可数名词复数形式，而<span word="much">much</span>只能修饰不可数名词，故把<span word="Much">Much</span>改为<span word="Many">Many</span>。 第九处：<span word="found">found</span>→<span word="find">find</span> 动词错误。情态动词后面必须跟动词原形，故把<span word="found">found</span>改为<span word="find">find</span>。 第十处：<span word="your">your</span>→<span word="our">our</span>/<span word="the">the</span> 代词误用。本文讲述的是我们所生活的环境，而且主语是<span word="We">We</span>，故把<span word="your">your</span>改为<span word="our">our</span>；也可以用定冠词特指上文提到的环境，故把<span word="your">your</span>改为<span word="the">the</span>。 (二) (2017·课标全国Ⅰ) <span word="Nearly">Nearly</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="before">before</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="father">father</span>, <span word="my">my</span> <span word="sister">sister</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="planted">planted</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="cherry">cherry</span> <span word="tomatoes">tomatoes</span>(圣女果)<span word="in">in</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="garden">garden</span>.<span word="Since">Since</span> <span word="then">then</span>—<span word="for">for</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="year">year</span>—<span word="we">we</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="allowing">allowing</span> <span word="tomatoes">tomatoes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="self">self</span><span word="seed">seed</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="please">please</span>.<span word="As">As</span> <span word="result">result</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="somewhere">somewhere</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="fruits">fruits</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="size">size</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="juicy">juicy</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="taste">taste</span>.<span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="share">share</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="neighbors">neighbors</span>.<span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="allow">allow</span> <span word="tomato">tomato</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="grow">grow</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="year">year</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="disease">disease</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="insect">insect</span> <span word="attack">attack</span> <span word="problems">problems</span>.<span word="We">We</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="wonderfully">wonderfully</span> <span word="tomatoes">tomatoes</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="cost">cost</span>! 解析： 第一处：<span word="before">before</span>→<span word="ago">ago</span> 副词误用。由下文可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，与一般过去时连用应用<span word="ago">ago</span>，不用<span word="before">before</span>。一段时间和<span word="before">before</span>连用时常用于完成时。 第二处：<span word="by">by</span>→<span word="of">of</span> 介词误用。<span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sb">sb</span>.为固定短语，意为“在某人的帮助下”。故将<span word="by">by</span>改为<span word="of">of</span>。 第三处：<span word="year">year</span>→<span word="years">years</span> 名词错误。前面的限定词<span word="these">these</span>意为“这些”，修饰可数名词复数，所以使用复数<span word="years">years</span>。 第四处：<span word="had">had</span>→<span word="have">have</span> 时态误用。时间状语<span word="since">since</span> <span word="then">then</span>和<span word="all">all</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="years">years</span>一般与现在完成时连用，故把<span word="had">had</span>改为<span word="have">have</span>。 第五处：<span word="As">As</span>后加<span word="a">a</span> 冠词漏用。<span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="result">result</span>为固定短语，意为“因此；结果”。 第六处：<span word="somewhere">somewhere</span>→<span word="everywhere">everywhere</span> 副词误用。根据上下文可知，圣女果应该长得到处都是，而不仅仅只在某些地方生长。故将<span word="somewhere">somewhere</span>改为<span word="everywhere">everywhere</span>。 第七处：<span word="taste">taste</span>→<span word="tasty">tasty</span> 形容词误用。根据连词<span word="and">and</span>前后词性一致的原则可知，因为<span word="juicy">juicy</span>是形容词，这里应用<span word="taste">taste</span>的形容词形式<span word="tasty">tasty</span>，意为“美味的”。 第八处：<span word="much">much</span>→<span word="many">many</span> 副词误用。根据<span word="be">be</span>动词用<span word="are">are</span>及后面的<span word="them">them</span>可知，此处指代的是可数名词的复数，故将<span word="much">much</span>改为<span word="many">many</span>。</p>
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