2017届广东省广州市天河中学高考英语语法一轮复习基础知识点精讲：情态动词02（含答案）
<p> 3．<span word="must">must</span> 与<span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span>的比较。 <span word="must">must</span> 与<span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span>在表示“必须”这个意思时意义相近，但在用法上有所区别。 ①<span word="must">must</span>含有说话者的强烈决意（表示主观的看法），<span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> 则表示外力环境或习惯使然（即表示客观的必要，作“不得不”解）。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="hard">hard</span>.我必须努力学习。（发自内心的决定） <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="hard">hard</span>. 我不得不努力学习。（外界因素逼迫） <span word="You">You</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="supper">supper</span>.你必须留下来吃晚饭。（<span word="because">because</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="to">to</span>） <span word="You">You</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="supper">supper</span>.你得留下来吃晚饭。（<span word="because">because</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="nowhere">nowhere</span> <span word="else">else</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span>） ②<span word="must">must</span>只有一种形式，而<span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span>可有多种时态。 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sports">sports</span> <span word="meet">meet</span> <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="weather">weather</span>. 由于坏天气，他们不得不推迟运动会。 <span word="These">These</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rest">rest</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="home">home</span>. 这两天他必须一直在家休息。 ③<span word="must">must</span>的否定式和<span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span>的否定式的意思完全不同。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="secret">secret</span>. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="mustn">mustn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="anyone">anyone</span>.你必须保密，你不可以告诉任何人。（<span word="mustn">mustn</span>'<span word="t">t</span>表示“禁止”） <span word="You">You</span> <span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="secret">secret</span>. 你不必告诉我这个秘密。 （<span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span>意思是“没有必要”= <span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="to">to</span>）</p><p> 4．<span word="must">must</span>用于表示推测，它的肯定程度比<span word="may">may</span>, <span word="might">might</span>, <span word="could">could</span>大得多，一般只用于肯定句。 ①<span word="must">must</span> <span word="do">do</span> (这里的<span word="do">do</span>通常是状态动词或系动词) ，表示对现在状态的推测。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="lazy">lazy</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="desk">desk</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="untidy">untidy</span>.他肯定很懒，因为他的课桌很不整洁。 <span word="Carol">Carol</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="bored">bored</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="job">job</span>. <span word="She">She</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="day">day</span>. 卡罗尔肯定对她的工作厌烦了，她每天都做同样的事。 ②<span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="doing">doing</span>表示对现在动作或状态的推测。 <span word="Put">Put</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="clothes">clothes</span>. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="feeling">feeling</span> <span word="cold">cold</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="shirt">shirt</span> <span word="on">on</span>. 多穿点儿衣服，你只穿一件衬衣，肯定觉得冷。 ③<span word="must">must</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="done">done</span>表示对过去的动作或状态的推测。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="ground">ground</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="wet">wet</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="rained">rained</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="night">night</span>.地面是湿的，昨晚肯定下雨了。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="hear">hear</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="phone">phone</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="asleep">asleep</span>.我没听见电话铃响，我一定是睡着了。 提示： <span word="must">must</span>表示推测只用于肯定句，否定句和疑问句要用<span word="can">can</span>, <span word="could">could</span>来代替<span word="must">must</span>。 <span word="He">He</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="lunch">lunch</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="hungry">hungry</span> <span word="already">already</span>. 他刚吃过午饭，不会饿的。 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span> <span word="here">here</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="people">people</span>. 他们刚到这里，不可能认识很多人。 <span word="Leslie">Leslie</span> <span word="walked">walked</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="speaking">speaking</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="tcouldn">tcouldn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="me">me</span>. 莱斯利从我身边走过而没打招呼，他肯定没看见我。</p>
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