2017届广东省广州市天河中学高考英语语法一轮复习基础知识点精讲：主谓一致02（含答案）
<p> <span word="C">C</span>． 代词作主语</p><p> 1．名词性物主代词作主语时，既可以用作单数，也可以用作复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。 <span word="Ours">Ours</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="country">country</span>. 我们的（国家）是一个伟大的国家。(<span word="ours">ours</span> = <span word="our">our</span> <span word="country">country</span>) <span word="Your">Your</span> <span word="shoes">shoes</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="black">black</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="mine">mine</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="brown">brown</span>. 你的鞋是黑色的，我的(鞋)是棕色的。( <span word="mine">mine</span>=<span word="my">my</span> <span word="shoes">shoes</span>) 2．<span word="such">such</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span>等指示代词作主语时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。 <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="Albert">Albert</span> <span word="Einstein">Einstein</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="simple">simple</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="achievements">achievements</span>. 爱因斯坦就是这样一个俭朴而又取得巨大成就的人。 <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="wishes">wishes</span>. 她的愿望就这些。3．关系代词<span word="who">who</span>, <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="which">which</span>等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与主句中先行词的数一致。 <span word="Those">Those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="picnic">picnic</span> <span word="please">please</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="hands">hands</span>. 那些想去野餐的人请举手。 <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sun">sun</span>. 一些被人类使用的能量来自于太阳 。 注意： 在 <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span>+复数名词+<span word="whothatwhich">whothatwhich</span> 引导的定语从句结构中，关系代词<span word="whothatwhich">whothatwhich</span>的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是<span word="one">one</span>，因此，从句中的动词应该是复数形式。但当<span word="one">one</span>之前有 <span word="the">the</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span>等修饰语时，关系代词的先行词是<span word="one">one</span>，而不是靠近它的复数名词，因此从句的动词应是单数形式。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="films">films</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="year">year</span>. 这是今年所放的最佳电影中的一部。 <span word="She">She</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="girls">girls</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="sings">sings</span> <span word="best">best</span>. 她是这么多女孩中唯一歌唱得最好的。4．疑问代词<span word="who">who</span>, <span word="what">what</span>, <span word="which">which</span>作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。 <span word="Who">Who</span> <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="upstairs">upstairs</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="Xiao">Xiao</span> <span word="Wang">Wang</span>. 谁住在楼上？小王。 <span word="Who">Who</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="door">door</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="Li">Li</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Zhang">Zhang</span>. 谁住在隔壁？李和张。5．不定代词作主语时，有以下两种情况： ①<span word="some">some</span>, <span word="all">all</span>, <span word="any">any</span>, <span word="none">none</span>, <span word="more">more</span>, <span word="most">most</span>等词可以指复数名词和不可数名词，它们作主语时，视其文中的意义，判断动词用单数还是复数的形式。 <span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="changed">changed</span>. 一切都已改变。 <span word="All">All</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="present">present</span> <span word="today">today</span>, <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Li">Li</span>. <span word="answered">answered</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="monitor">monitor</span>. 班长回答说：李老师，今天大家全到了。 <span word="None">None</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="he">he</span>. 没有人像他那么好。 <span word="None">None</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="ready">ready</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="others">others</span>. 没有人像那些总是乐于助人的人那么好。 提示： 在口语中，<span word="none">none</span> <span word="of">of</span> + 复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数或复数均可，要以说话人所想的而定。 <span word="None">None</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="telephones">telephones</span> <span word="workswork">workswork</span>. 这些电话都坏了。 <span word="None">None</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="havehas">havehas</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Dalian">Dalian</span>. 我们中谁也没去过大连。 ②<span word="some">some</span>, <span word="all">all</span>, <span word="any">any</span>, <span word="none">none</span>, <span word="more">more</span>, <span word="most">most</span>等词接<span word="of">of</span>时，若<span word="of">of</span>的宾语为不可数名词，动词用单数形式，若<span word="of">of</span>的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词用复数形式。 <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="spare">spare</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="reading">reading</span>. 他的大部分业余时间都花在读书上了。 <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="colour">colour</span> <span word="blind">blind</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="men">men</span>. 色盲的人大多数是男的。<span word="D">D</span>． 数词、量词作主语</p>
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