2017届广东省广州市天河中学高考英语语法一轮复习基础知识点精讲：状语从句01（含答案）
<p> 状语从句</p><p> 在复合句中修饰主句或主句中的某一成分的从句叫状语从句。状语从句通常由从属连词或起连词作用的词组引导，有时甚至不需要连词直接和主句连接起来。状语从句根据它表达的意思不同，可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等九类。 一、 时间状语从句</p><p> 时间状语从句是表示时间关系的从句。可以引导时间状语从句的连词很多，根据意义和主从句之间的时间关系，通常可分为以下几种情况：</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>． <span word="when">when</span>, <span word="while">while</span>, <span word="as">as</span>, <span word="whenever">whenever</span></p><p> <span word="when">when</span>, <span word="while">while</span>, <span word="as">as</span>表示主句谓语作和从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。</p><p> 1．<span word="when">when</span> ①<span word="when">when</span>表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示段时间时，用持续性动词。 <span word="When">When</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="home">home</span>, <span word="my">my</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="already">already</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="dinner">dinner</span> 我到家的时候，全家已在吃晚饭。 （<span word="when">when</span>表示点时间） <span word="When">When</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="talking">talking</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="laughing">laughing</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="in">in</span> 当他们还在说笑的时候，老师进来了。（<span word="when">when</span>表示段时间） <span word="He">He</span> <span word="waved">waved</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hello">hello</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="her">her</span> 当他看见她的时候，就挥手打了个招呼。（<span word="when">when</span>表示点时间） <span word="When">When</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="something">something</span> 当你认为自己一无所知的时候，就开始知道一些事情了。（<span word="when">when</span>表示段时间）</p><p> 注意： 当<span word="when">when</span>意思是正当……时候（<span word="and">and</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="moment">moment</span>）时，<span word="when">when</span>只能跟在前一分句之后。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bed">bed</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="doorbel">doorbel</span> <span word="rang">rang</span> 他正要上床，忽然门铃响了。 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="watching">watching</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="World">World</span> <span word="Cup">Cup</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="suddenly">suddenly</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lights">lights</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="out">out</span> 他们正看着世界杯比赛，突然灯灭了。 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rain">rain</span> 他们刚到家，天就开始下雨了。 ②有时<span word="when">when</span>表示虽然，尽管的含义，相当于<span word="although">although</span>或<span word="since">since</span>。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="walks">walks</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="taxi">taxi</span> 尽管可以打的，但他还是步行。 <span word="How">How</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="mercy">mercy</span> <span word="yourself">yourself</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="none">none</span> 既然你不宽恕别人，你自己又怎能希望得到别人的宽恕呢？2．<span word="while">while</span> ①<span word="while">while</span>通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。 <span word="Strike">Strike</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="iron">iron</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="hot">hot</span> 趁热打铁。 <span word="She">She</span> <span word="fell">fell</span> <span word="asleep">asleep</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="reading">reading</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="newspaper">newspaper</span> 她在看报的时候睡着了。 ②<span word="while">while</span>有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成……而……。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="fond">fond</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="likes">likes</span> <span word="maths">maths</span> 我喜欢英语而他却喜欢数学。 <span word="We">We</span> <span word="slept">slept</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="captain">captain</span> <span word="kept">kept</span> <span word="watch">watch</span> 我们睡觉而上尉担任警戒。 ③<span word="while">while</span>有时可引导让步状语从句，意思是虽然。 <span word="While">While</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="love">love</span> <span word="te">te</span> <span word="children">children</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="strict">strict</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="them">them</span> 虽然他们都爱他们的孩子，但却对他们要求严格。 提示： 虽然<span word="during">during</span> 与 <span word="while">while</span> 意思很相近，但是<span word="during">during</span>是介词，不能引导从句。3．<span word="as">as</span> ①<span word="as">as</span>表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示段时间时，用持续性动词。<span word="as">as</span>和<span word="when">when</span>两者经常可以通用。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="thief">thief</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="caught">caught</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="stealing">stealing</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="supermarket">supermarket</span> 小偷在超市行窃时被逮住了。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="Jim">Jim</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="room">room</span> 吉姆离开会议室时候我看到了他。 ②<span word="as">as</span>表示 一边……一边……，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="talked">talked</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="walked">walked</span> 他们边走边聊。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="looked">looked</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="went">went</span> 他一边走，一边不时地往后看。 ③<span word="as">as</span>表示随着 <span word="As">As</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="goes">goes</span> <span word="on">on</span>, <span word="it">it</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="warmer">warmer</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="warmer">warmer</span> 随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。 <span word="As">As</span> <span word="spring">spring</span> <span word="warms">warms</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="earth">earth</span>, <span word="al">al</span> <span word="flowers">flowers</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bloom">bloom</span> 随着春回大地，百花开始绽放。</p>
页:
[1]