2017届广东省广州市天河中学高考英语语法一轮复习基础知识点精讲：动词的-ed形式02（含答案）
<p> 3．动词的-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式作定语和-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式作定语的区别 动词的-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式作定语表示动作已完成或和被动，而-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式作定语表示动作正在进行或和主动。 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risen">risen</span> <span word="sun">sun</span>升起了的太阳 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rising">rising</span> <span word="sun">sun</span> 正在升起的太阳 <span word="boiled">boiled</span> <span word="water">water</span> 开水 <span word="boiling">boiling</span> <span word="water">water</span> 正沸腾的水 <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> 发达国家 <span word="developing">developing</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> 发展中国家 <span word="fallen">fallen</span> <span word="leaves">leaves</span> 落叶 <span word="falling">falling</span> <span word="leaves">leaves</span> 正在飘落的叶子 <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="condition">condition</span> 改变了的情况 <span word="changing">changing</span> <span word="condition">condition</span> 变化着的情况 <span word="D">D</span>．动词的-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式作状语 动词的-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式作状语和-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、 方式或伴随情况等。 1．表示时间 动词的-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式作状语表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。 <span word="Seen">Seen</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tower">tower</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="looks">looks</span> <span word="beautiful">beautiful</span>. 从塔上往下看，城市显得很美丽。（= <span word="When">When</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tower">tower</span>...） <span word="Shown">Shown</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lab">lab</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="library">library</span>. 带我们参观了实验室之后，又带我们参观了图书馆。（= <span word="After">After</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lab">lab</span>...） <span word="Completely">Completely</span> <span word="examined">examined</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="doctors">doctors</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="right">right</span> <span word="away">away</span>. 经过医生彻底检查以后，他立刻回到了学校。(= <span word="After">After</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="completely">completely</span> <span word="examined">examined</span>...) 提示： 有时动词的-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式前可加连词<span word="when">when</span>或<span word="while">while</span>来强调时间概念。 <span word="When">When</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="late">late</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="class">class</span> <span word="again">again</span>, <span word="she">she</span> <span word="hung">hung</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="head">head</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="shame">shame</span>. 当被问到为什么上课又迟到时，她羞愧地低下了头。 <span word="Once">Once</span> <span word="recovered">recovered</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="work">work</span>. 一恢复健康，他就全力以赴地干起了工作。 <span word="Once">Once</span> <span word="started">started</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="month">month</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="time">time</span>.一旦给这钟上了发条，它就会走半个月，并且走得很准。 2. 表示原因 动词的-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式作状语表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。 <span word="Moved">Moved</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="heroic">heroic</span> <span word="deeds">deeds</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="couldn">couldn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="crying">crying</span>. 孩子们被英雄事迹感动，情不自禁地哭了起来。（= <span word="Since">Since</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="moved">moved</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="heroic">heroic</span> <span word="deeds">deeds</span> ...） <span word="Written">Written</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="haste">haste</span>, <span word="her">her</span> <span word="letter">letter</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="read">read</span>. 因为写得快，她的信很难阅读。（=<span word="As">As</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="written">written</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="haste">haste</span> ...） <span word="Excited">Excited</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="discovery">discovery</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="decided">decided</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="celebrate">celebrate</span>. 我们因为新发现而激动万分，决定出去庆祝一下。(<span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="excited">excited</span> <span word="by">by</span>...) 注意： 为了使-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式表示的条件、动词让步意义更加明显，我们可以加上适当的连词。 <span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="invited">invited</span>,<span word="I">I</span> <span word="won">won</span>'<span word="tgo">tgo</span>.即使受到邀请，我也不去。 <span word="Though">Though</span> <span word="beaten">beaten</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="opposite">opposite</span> <span word="team">team</span>,<span word="they">they</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="lose">lose</span> <span word="heart">heart</span>. 虽然被对手打败，便他们并没有丧失信心。 <span word="Unless">Unless</span> <span word="invited">invited</span>,<span word="he">he</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="company">company</span>.除非被邀请，不然他不会回到公司来的。 3. 表示条件 动词的-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式作状语表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。 <span word="Heated">Heated</span>, <span word="water">water</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="steam">steam</span>. 加热，水就能变成蒸汽。（= <span word="If">If</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="heated">heated</span>...） <span word="Given">Given</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="better">better</span>. 假如多给一些时间，他会干得更出色。（= <span word="If">If</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="time">time</span> ...） <span word="Compared">Compared</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="professors">professors</span>, <span word="she">she</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="excellent">excellent</span> <span word="speaker">speaker</span>. 与其他教授相比，她是一个优秀的演说家。 4. 表示让步 动词的-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式作状语表示让步，相当于一个<span word="thoughalthough">thoughalthough</span>引导的让步状语从句。 <span word="Exhausted">Exhausted</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="running">running</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="running">running</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="robber">robber</span>. 尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。（= <span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="exhausted">exhausted</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="running">running</span> ...） <span word="Laughed">Laughed</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="people">people</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="continued">continued</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="research">research</span>. 尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。（= <span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="laughed">laughed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="people">people</span> ...） <span word="Questioned">Questioned</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="day">day</span>, <span word="Andrew">Andrew</span> <span word="kept">kept</span> <span word="silent">silent</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="murder">murder</span>. 尽管一天被盘问了多次，安德鲁仍然对那件谋杀案保持沉默。 提示： 有时动词的-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式作状语和动词的-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式的被动式作状语，并没有多大的区别，可以互换。 <span word="Suddenly">Suddenly</span> <span word="seized">seized</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="fever">fever</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="unable">unable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="attend">attend</span> <span word="school">school</span>. 他因突然发热不能来上学。 = <span word="Being">Being</span> <span word="suddenly">suddenly</span> <span word="seized">seized</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="fever">fever</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="unable">unable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="attend">attend</span> <span word="school">school</span>. 他因突然发热不能来上学。 <span word="Brought">Brought</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="countryside">countryside</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="town">town</span> <span word="life">life</span>. 因为是在农村长大的，他感到很难适应城市生活。 = <span word="Having">Having</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="brought">brought</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="countryside">countryside</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="town">town</span> <span word="life">life</span>. 因为是在农村长大的，他感到很难适应城市生活。 5．表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。 动词的-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式作状语表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明时，通常位于句子的后面，相当于一个并列分句。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="there">there</span>, <span word="surrounded">surrounded</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span>. 老师站在那儿，被学生围住了。（= <span word="and">and</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="surrounded">surrounded</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span>） <span word="He">He</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="office">office</span>, <span word="followed">followed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="children">children</span>. 他走进办公室，后面跟着一些孩子。(= <span word="and">and</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="followed">followed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="children">children</span>) <span word="They">They</span> <span word="turned">turned</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="middle">middle</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="room">room</span>, <span word="completely">completely</span> <span word="astonished">astonished</span>. 他们转过身来，站在房间中央，完全惊呆了。 <span word="She">She</span> <span word="accepted">accepted</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gift">gift</span>, <span word="deeply">deeply</span> <span word="moved">moved</span>.她接受了礼物，深深地感动了。 注意： 动词的-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式在句中不能用作主语或宾语。 【误】<span word="Invited">Invited</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="banquet">banquet</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="honour">honour</span>. 【正】<span word="To">To</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="invited">invited</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="banquet">banquet</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="honour">honour</span>. 被邀请出席国宴是极大的荣耀。 【误】<span word="I">I</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="stand">stand</span> <span word="laughed">laughed</span> <span word="at">at</span>. 【正】<span word="I">I</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="stand">stand</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="laughed">laughed</span> <span word="at">at</span>. 我不能容忍被人嘲笑。、 动词的-<span word="ed">ed</span>形式的逻辑主语</p>
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