2017届广东省广州市天河中学高考英语语法一轮复习基础知识点精讲：动词时态02（含答案）
<p> 3．表示有迹象显示将要发生某一动作时，要用<span word="be">be</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span>，不用<span word="will">will</span>或<span word="shall">shall</span>。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="feel">feel</span> <span word="terrible">terrible</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="I">I</span>'<span word="m">m</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="sick">sick</span>.我觉得不舒服，我想我要生病了。 4．<span word="be">be</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> 可用于条件句，表示将来时间，<span word="will">will</span>则不能。 <span word="If">If</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="attend">attend</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span>, <span word="you">you</span>'<span word="d">d</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="now">now</span>. 如果你要出席会议，你最好现在就动身。 ②<span word="be">be</span> + 动词的-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式 “<span word="be">be</span> + 动词的-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式”表示根据现在的计划或安排，预期将会发生某事，这种安排不容随意改变。在这一结构中，动词-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式通常是表示位置转移的动词，如 <span word="arrive">arrive</span>, <span word="come">come</span>, <span word="go">go</span>, <span word="leave">leave</span>, <span word="move">move</span>, <span word="start">start</span>, <span word="stay">stay</span>, <span word="get">get</span> 以及<span word="eat">eat</span>, <span word="meet">meet</span>, <span word="see">see</span> <span word="off">off</span>, <span word="die">die</span>等，并与表示将来的时间状语连用。如果没有时间状语，则所表示的动作有即将发生之意。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="leaving">leaving</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="days">days</span>.他几天后要动身去新疆。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="dining">dining</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="tonight">tonight</span>.今晚我将出去吃饭。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="plane">plane</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="soon">soon</span>. 飞机马上就要起飞了。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="dying">dying</span>.那位老人快要死了。 比较： “<span word="be">be</span> + 动词的-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式”和“<span word="be">be</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> + 动词原形”的异同 1．表示按计划发生的动作时，两者可互换。 <span word="We">We</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="moving">moving</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="flat">flat</span> <span word="tomorrow">tomorrow</span>.我们明天就要搬到新房子里去了。 <span word="We">We</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="flat">flat</span> <span word="tomorrow">tomorrow</span>.我们明天就要搬到新房子里去了。 2．表示由于客观因素而产生的将来动作或状态时，用<span word="be">be</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span>结构，不用<span word="be">be</span> + 动词的-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="climb">climb</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="tree">tree</span>. 如果你爬树的话，你会摔下来的。（不可说 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="falling">falling</span> <span word="if">if</span> ...） <span word="Be">Be</span> <span word="careful">careful</span>. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="break">break</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="chair">chair</span>. 当心！你会把那张椅子弄坏的。（不可说 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="breaking">breaking</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="chair">chair</span>） ③ <span word="be">be</span> + 动词不定式 这一结构中的<span word="be">be</span>，只有现在式 (<span word="am">am</span>, <span word="is">is</span>, <span word="are">are</span>) 和过去式 (<span word="was">was</span>, <span word="were">were</span>) 两种形式。 <span word="a">a</span>. 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="highway">highway</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="traffic">traffic</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="May">May</span>.这条公路将在五月份通车。 <span word="Am">Am</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="work">work</span>?我是不是要接管他的工作？ <span word="b">b</span>. 用于条件句中强调按计划或安排将要发生的动作 <span word="If">If</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="the">the</span> 5:00 <span word="train">train</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="now">now</span>. 如果我们乘坐5点的火车的话，那我们现在就得出发。 <span word="c">c</span>. 表示命令或吩咐等。否定形式常表示“禁止”或“不许”。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="before">before</span> 10 <span word="p">p</span>.<span word="m">m</span>. 你必须在10点前回来。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="alone">alone</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="night">night</span>.晚上你不能单独出去。 比较： “<span word="be">be</span> + 动词不定式”与“<span word="be">be</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span>+ 动词原形”的区别 1．“<span word="be">be</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span>+ 动词原形”侧重说话人个人的意图和打算，“<span word="be">be</span> + 动词不定式”侧重受别人的指示或安排要做的事。 <span word="I">I</span>'<span word="m">m</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="write">write</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="article">article</span> <span word="well">well</span>. 我将尽力把这篇文章写好。 <span word="Am">Am</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="wait">wait</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="till">till</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="arrival">arrival</span>?我要在这儿一直等到他们抵达吗？ 2．表示由于客观因素或不受人控制的将要发生的动作时，只用“<span word="be">be</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span>+ 动词原形”，不用“<span word="be">be</span> + 动词不定式”。 <span word="It">It</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rain">rain</span>.天要下雨了。（不说<span word="It">It</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rain">rain</span>.） <span word="Rachel">Rachel</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="faint">faint</span>.雷切尔要晕倒了。 ④ 一般现在时 一般现在时可以用来表示将来时间，主要用法有： <span word="a">a</span>. 表示由于日历或时刻表的规定而固定不变的或比较不易变更的将来时间发生的动作。 <span word="Tomorrow">Tomorrow</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="Friday">Friday</span>. 明天是星期五。 <span word="What">What</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="train">train</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Paris">Paris</span>? 下一班开往巴黎的火车几点出发？ <span word="b">b</span>. 在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来时间的动作或状态。 <span word="I">I</span>'<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="finish">finish</span> <span word="it">it</span>. 我看完这本书就给你。 <span word="If">If</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="arrives">arrives</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="meet">meet</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="railway">railway</span> <span word="station">station</span>. 如果他到了，我们就得到火车站去接他。 <span word="c">c</span>. 在<span word="hope">hope</span>, <span word="suppose">suppose</span>等后面的宾语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来动作或状态。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="him">him</span>.我希望他一切都好。 <span word="Suppse">Suppse</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="hiking">hiking</span> <span word="tomorrow">tomorrow</span>.我们明天还是去远足吧。<span word="D">D</span>．一般过去将来时 1．一般过去将来时的构成 一般过去将来时是由“<span word="should">should</span>/<span word="would">would</span> + 动词原形”构成的。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Paris">Paris</span>.昨天他问我什么时候动身去巴黎。 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="finish">finish</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="homework">homework</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span>. 他们想知道怎样才能早一点儿完成家庭作业。 2．一般过去将来时的用法 一般过去将来时间的出发点是过去，即从过去某一时刻看以后要发生的动作和状态。 <span word="a">a</span>. 一般过去将来时常用于间接引语中 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="arrange">arrange</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="party">party</span>.他说他们将安排一个晚会。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fix">fix</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="TV">TV</span> <span word="set">set</span>.我问他是否来帮我修电视机。 <span word="b">b</span>. 一般过去将来时可用来表示非真实的动作或状态 <span word="If">If</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="chance">chance</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="abroad">abroad</span>, <span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Cambridge">Cambridge</span> <span word="University">University</span>. 如果我有机会出国学习的话，我就会去剑桥大学。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="wish">wish</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cinema">cinema</span> <span word="tonight">tonight</span>. 今晚他能和我一起去看电影就好了。</p>
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