2017届广东省广州市天河中学高考英语语法一轮复习基础知识点精讲：独立主格结构01（含答案）
<p> 独立主格结构</p><p> 非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的主语，从而在结构上与主语不发生关系，我们称之为独立主格结构（<span word="Absolute">Absolute</span> <span word="Construction">Construction</span>）。其实，所谓“独立主格结构”也并非真正独立，它还是一种从属的结构。一、 非谓语动词独立主格结构</p><p> 在独立主格结构中，非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。 <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="you">you</span>，<span word="you">you</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="surely">surely</span> <span word="succeed">succeed</span> <span word="sooner">sooner</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="later">later</span>. 有这么能干的人来帮你, 你迟早一定会成功的。（<span word="such">such</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="man">man</span>和 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="you">you</span> 之间存在着主谓关系） = <span word="Since">Since</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="you">you</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="surely">surely</span> <span word="succeed">succeed</span> <span word="sooner">sooner</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="later">later</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="seating">seating</span> <span word="himself">himself</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desk">desk</span>, <span word="his">his</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="story">story</span>. 他在书桌旁坐好后，他母亲开始给他讲故事。（<span word="seating">seating</span> <span word="himself">himself</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desk">desk</span>拥有了自己的逻辑主语<span word="he">he</span>，注意是“主格”） = <span word="When">When</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="seated">seated</span> <span word="himself">himself</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desk">desk</span>, <span word="his">his</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="story">story</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="key">key</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bike">bike</span> <span word="lost">lost</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="walk">walk</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="school">school</span>. 由于丢了自行车钥匙，他只好步行去学校。（<span word="lost">lost</span> 的逻辑主语是<span word="the">the</span> <span word="key">key</span>，<span word="lost">lost</span> 也可以用完成式<span word="having">having</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="lost">lost</span>） = <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="key">key</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bike">bike</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="lost">lost</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="walk">walk</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="school">school</span>.<span word="A">A</span>． 不定式“独立主格结构”</p><p> 在“逻辑主语+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构也可用一个从句或并列分句来表达。</p>
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