2017全新教程高考英语总复习课件（北师大版广东专用）：语法专项训练(一)
<p> 返回 语法专项训练(一)——名词</p><p> 高考体验 模拟演练 名词 语法专项训练 (一) 名词 考点一 名词的数 1．单数名词变为复数名词常考点： 不规则变化 (1)单复数同形，如<span word="deer">deer</span>，<span word="sheep">sheep</span>，<span word="Chinese">Chinese</span>，<span word="means">means</span>等。 (2)单数形式复数内容，如<span word="people">people</span>，<span word="police">police</span>，<span word="cattle">cattle</span>等。 (3)改变元音的词，如<span word="woman">woman</span>→<span word="women">women</span>，<span word="tooth">tooth</span>→<span word="teeth">teeth</span>等。 (4)变换词尾的词，如<span word="child">child</span>→<span word="children">children</span>，<span word="ox">ox</span>→<span word="oxen">oxen</span>，<span word="phenomenon">phenomenon</span>→<span word="phenomena">phenomena</span>等。 【温馨提示】 复合名词变成复数时有3种情况： ①把结尾词变成复数，如<span word="grown">grown</span>-<span word="up">up</span>→<span word="grown">grown</span>-<span word="ups">ups</span>，<span word="go">go</span>-<span word="between">between</span>→<span word="go">go</span>-<span word="betweens">betweens</span>。 ②把主体名词变成复数，如<span word="sister">sister</span>-<span word="in">in</span>-<span word="law">law</span>→<span word="sisters">sisters</span>-<span word="in">in</span>-<span word="law">law</span>，<span word="editor">editor</span>-<span word="in">in</span>-<span word="chief">chief</span>→<span word="editors">editors</span>-<span word="in">in</span>-<span word="chief">chief</span>，<span word="passer">passer</span>-<span word="by">by</span>→<span word="passers">passers</span>-<span word="by">by</span>。 ③把两个组成部分都变成复数，这种复合名词的第一个名词需是<span word="man">man</span>或<span word="woman">woman</span>，如<span word="man">man</span> <span word="doctor">doctor</span>→<span word="men">men</span> <span word="doctors">doctors</span>，<span word="woman">woman</span> <span word="engineer">engineer</span>→<span word="women">women</span> <span word="engineers">engineers</span>。 2．不可数名词 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，不能变复数，不能加不定冠词，但有些不可数名词在特定情景下可转化为具体名词。 <span word="Failure">Failure</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="success">success</span>. 失败是成功之母。 <span word="His">His</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="success">success</span>. 他的新书获得巨大成功。 3．有些短语用名词复数形式： <span word="make">make</span> <span word="preparations">preparations</span> <span word="for">for</span>...为……做准备 <span word="take">take</span> <span word="pains">pains</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.努力做某事 <span word="make">make</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="ends">ends</span> <span word="meet">meet</span> 收支平衡 <span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="spirits">spirits</span> 兴致勃勃 <span word="do">do</span>/<span word="make">make</span> <span word="repairs">repairs</span> 进行修理 <span word="take">take</span> <span word="turns">turns</span> 轮流 考点二 名词的句法功能 名词在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、同位语和称呼语等。下面重点讲一下名词在句子中作定语、宾语补足语、同位语的用法。 1．作定语 (1)表材料的名词作定语，说明被修饰的名词是什么原料制成的。 <span word="stone">stone</span> <span word="figures">figures</span>石像 <span word="gold">gold</span> <span word="medal">medal</span>金牌 (2)表示地点的名词作定语，说明被修饰的名词存在或发生的地点。 <span word="country">country</span> <span word="music">music</span> 乡村音乐 <span word="post">post</span> <span word="office">office</span> 邮局 <span word="school">school</span> <span word="education">education</span> 学校教育 (3)表示用途、性质的名词作定语。 <span word="coffee">coffee</span> <span word="cup">cup</span> 咖啡杯 <span word="sports">sports</span> <span word="shoes">shoes</span> 运动鞋 2．作宾语补足语 <span word="We">We</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="monitor">monitor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="class">class</span>.我们选他当我们的班长。 【温馨提示】 作宾语补足语的名词是表示职位、头衔的词(如<span word="monitor">monitor</span>，<span word="chairman">chairman</span>，<span word="president">president</span>，<span word="head">head</span>，<span word="king">king</span>，<span word="captain">captain</span>等)时，这类名词前不加冠词。该情况也适用于表语和同位语。 3．作同位语 <span word="Mr">Mr</span>.<span word="Smith">Smith</span>，<span word="my">my</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span>，<span word="died">died</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span>. 史密斯先生，我的第一位老师，昨天去世了。 本部分内容讲解结束 点此进入课件目录 按<span word="ESC">ESC</span>键退出全屏播放 谢谢使用 返回</p>
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