2017全新教程高考英语总复习课件（北师大版广东专用）：语法专项训练(三)
<p> 返回 语法专项训练(三)——代词</p><p> 高考体验 模拟演练 代词 语法专项训练 (三) 代词 考点一 <span word="none">none</span>，<span word="no">no</span> <span word="one">one</span>，<span word="nothing">nothing</span>，<span word="neither">neither</span>和<span word="no">no</span> 1．<span word="none">none</span>“没人，没有任何东西”，既可指人，也可指物。<span word="none">none</span>后可接<span word="of">of</span>短语，常用来回答<span word="how">how</span> <span word="many">many</span>/<span word="much">much</span>的问题。 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="tired">tired</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="none">none</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="stop">stop</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rest">rest</span>. 他们都累了，但没有一个愿意停下来休息。 (2009年高考上海卷)—<span word="Wow">Wow</span>！<span word="You">You</span>’<span word="ve">ve</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="clothes">clothes</span>! 哇！你衣服真多啊！ —<span word="But">But</span> <span word="none">none</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="fashion">fashion</span> <span word="now">now</span>. 但是现在没一件跟上潮流。 —<span word="How">How</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="film">film</span>? 你们中有多少人看过这部电影？ —<span word="None">None</span>(<span word="of">of</span> <span word="us">us</span>)．一个也没有。 2．<span word="no">no</span> <span word="one">one</span>表“没有人，谁也不”，只指人，作主语时，后跟单数动词。常可用来回答<span word="who">who</span>引导的问句。 —<span word="Who">Who</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="question">question</span>？谁能回答这个问题？ —<span word="No">No</span> <span word="one">one</span>.没人。 (2009年高考大纲全国卷Ⅱ)<span word="Charles">Charles</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="alone">alone</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="home">home</span>，<span word="with">with</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="him">him</span>. 查尔斯独自一个人在家，没有人照顾他。 3．<span word="nothing">nothing</span>意为“没有东西”，一般回答<span word="what">what</span>。 (2010年高考江西卷)<span word="Swimming">Swimming</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="favorite">favorite</span> <span word="sport">sport</span>.<span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="swimming">swimming</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="keeping">keeping</span> <span word="fit">fit</span>. 游泳是我最喜欢的运动，作为保持健康的方式，没有什么能比得上游泳了。 4．<span word="neither">neither</span>指“两个人或物中一个也不，两者都不”，表否定意义，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 <span word="Neither">Neither</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="fit">fit</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="job">job</span>. 你们俩任何一个都不适合这项工作。 考点二 <span word="other">other</span>，<span word="others">others</span>，<span word="any">any</span> <span word="other">other</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span>，<span word="another">another</span> 1．<span word="other">other</span>表示泛指，意为“另外的、其他的”，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用。 <span word="Would">Would</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="please">please</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="day">day</span> (＝<span word="another">another</span> <span word="day">day</span>)? 改日做此事好吗？ <span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="experiment">experiment</span>. 做这个实验还可以用别的方法。 2．<span word="others">others</span>是<span word="other">other</span>的复数形式，表示泛指，意为“别的人或物”，但不指全部。特指时在其前加定冠词；前面可加限定词以及数量词，常构成<span word="some">some</span>...<span word="others">others</span>...。 <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="cleaning">cleaning</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span>；<span word="others">others</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="playground">playground</span>. 一些学生在打扫教室，另一些在操场上玩。 3．<span word="any">any</span> <span word="other">other</span>表示一个之外的其他任何一个，而不是两个之中的另一个。 <span word="China">China</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="larger">larger</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span>. 中国比亚洲的其他国家都大。 4．<span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span>表示两者中的另外一个。可单独使用，也可接单数名词。 <span word="No">No</span> <span word="agreement">agreement</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="reached">reached</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="discussion">discussion</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="neither">neither</span> <span word="side">side</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span>. 因为双方都不愿意屈服，所以讨论中没有达成一致。 5．<span word="another">another</span>常用于指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个”，泛指单数。可单独使用，也可后接名词。如果其后接复数名词，则表示“又、再、还”。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="cap">cap</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="me">me</span>.<span word="Show">Show</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="another">another</span>(<span word="one">one</span>)． 这帽子太小了，给我看另外一顶。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="another">another</span> 3 <span word="days">days</span> (＝3 <span word="more">more</span> <span word="days">days</span>)． 他还要在这里呆三天。 考点三 <span word="it">it</span>，<span word="one">one</span>，<span word="that">that</span> 1．<span word="it">it</span>指代前面提到过的同一事物，<span word="they">they</span>为其复数形式。 —<span word="Have">Have</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="pen">pen</span>？你找到你的钢笔了吗？ —<span word="No">No</span>，<span word="I">I</span> <span word="haven">haven</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="it">it</span>.还没有。 (2009年高考四川卷)<span word="I">I</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="beautiful">beautiful</span> <span word="garden">garden</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="front">front</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="it">it</span>. 我喜欢这套前面有花园的漂亮房子，但是我没有足够的钱去买它。 2．<span word="one">one</span>代替单数可数名词，表示泛指，<span word="ones">ones</span>为其复数形式。<span word="the">the</span> <span word="one">one</span>替代前面的单数名词，表示特指，其后往往带定语，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="ones">ones</span>为其复数形式。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="haven">haven</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="computer">computer</span>.<span word="I">I</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="year">year</span>. 我还没有电脑，明年我想买一台。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="time">time</span>. 比起上次我读的那本书，我更喜欢这一本。 <span word="These">These</span> <span word="shoes">shoes</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="enough">enough</span>.<span word="Show">Show</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="ones">ones</span>. 这些鞋子不够好，再让我看一些更好的。 【温馨提示】 <span word="one">one</span>替代前边的名词，是前边名词的同位语，前边名词若是特指，要用<span word="the">the</span> <span word="one">one</span>；若是泛指则用<span word="one">one</span>。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="student">student</span>，<span word="one">one</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="helps">helps</span> <span word="others">others</span>. 他是一个热心肠的学生，一个总是帮助别人的学生。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="excellent">excellent</span> <span word="student">student</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="wins">wins</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="prize">prize</span>.他就是那个最优秀的学生，那个赢得一等奖的学生。 3．<span word="that">that</span>既可以替代特指的单数可数名词，也可以替代特指的不可数名词，若替代特指的单数可数名词时，相当于<span word="the">the</span> <span word="one">one</span>。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="weather">weather</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="colder">colder</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Nanjing">Nanjing</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="winter">winter</span>. 北京的天气在冬天要比南京的天气冷得多。 <span word="Little">Little</span> <span word="joy">joy</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="equal">equal</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="surprising">surprising</span> <span word="ending">ending</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="stories">stories</span>. 当你读故事书时，什么也比不上读到一个令人吃惊的结尾而让人高兴。 考点四 <span word="it">it</span>的用法 1．指代事物、动物、婴儿或未知的人。 <span word="Look">Look</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="baby">baby</span>.<span word="Isn">Isn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="lovely">lovely</span>? 看那个小婴儿，它不可爱吗？ —<span word="Who">Who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="there">there</span>？谁在那里？ —<span word="It">It</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="me">me</span>.我。 2．指天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境等。 <span word="It">It</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="cold">cold</span> <span word="today">today</span>.今天很冷。 <span word="It">It</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="twenty">twenty</span> <span word="miles">miles</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="zoo">zoo</span>.到公园有20英里路。 3．作先行代词代替不定式、<span word="v">v</span>.-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式、名词性从句，作形式主语或形式宾语。 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="felt">felt</span> <span word="funny">funny</span> <span word="watching">watching</span> <span word="myself">myself</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="TV">TV</span>. 在电视上看到我自己真是滑稽可笑。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="clear">clear</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="held">held</span>. 他没有搞清楚在何时何地召开会议。 <span word="It">It</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="arguing">arguing</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="him">him</span>.同他争论没什么用。 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="largest">largest</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>.众所周知，中国人口最多。 4．用作<span word="look">look</span>，<span word="seem">seem</span>，<span word="appear">appear</span>，<span word="happen">happen</span>等词的主语。 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="way">way</span>.他好像迷路了。 <span word="It">It</span> <span word="happened">happened</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="called">called</span>. 我打电话时，碰巧她不在家。 5．表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词，后面接<span word="it">it</span>，构成固定结构，这类动词有<span word="enjoy">enjoy</span>，<span word="prefer">prefer</span>，<span word="love">love</span>，<span word="like">like</span>，<span word="hate">hate</span>，<span word="dislike">dislike</span>，<span word="appreciate">appreciate</span>等。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="appreciate">appreciate</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>. 如果你能帮我一把，我会很感激。 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="can">can</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="late">late</span>. 如果他总是迟到，我也没办法。 <span word="As">As</span> <span word="someone">someone</span> <span word="puts">puts</span> <span word="it">it</span>，<span word="practice">practice</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="perfect">perfect</span>. 像某人所说的那样，熟能生巧。 <span word="You">You</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="depend">depend</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="support">support</span> <span word="you">you</span>. 你相信好了，他们会支持你的。 考点五 代词的特殊用法 1．人称代词单独使用时，一般不用主格而用宾格。 —<span word="Glad">Glad</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="meet">meet</span> <span word="you">you</span>.见到你很高兴。 —<span word="Me">Me</span>，<span word="too">too</span>.见到你我也很高兴。 —<span word="Susan">Susan</span>，<span word="go">go</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="join">join</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="sister">sister</span> <span word="cleaning">cleaning</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="yard">yard</span>. 苏珊，和你姐姐一起去扫院子。 —<span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="me">me</span>？<span word="John">John</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="sitting">sitting</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span>. 为什么让我去？<span word="John">John</span>正坐在那儿没事可做。 2．<span word="such">such</span>指如前所述的这样的人或事物。此时，如果遇到<span word="a">a</span>/<span word="an">an</span>，<span word="such">such</span>必须放在其前；如果遇到<span word="no">no</span>，<span word="one">one</span>，<span word="two">two</span>，<span word="three">three</span>，<span word="another">another</span>，<span word="several">several</span>，<span word="some">some</span>，<span word="many">many</span>，<span word="all">all</span>等词时，<span word="such">such</span>必须置于其后。有时<span word="such">such</span>之后可以加一个<span word="as">as</span>，用以引出属于哪一类。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fool">fool</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="looks">looks</span>. 他并不像看上去的那样愚蠢。 <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="Elbert">Elbert</span> <span word="Einstein">Einstein</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="simple">simple</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="achievements">achievements</span>. 这就是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，一个简朴而又成绩卓著的人。 <span word="All">All</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="solved">solved</span> <span word="already">already</span>. 所有这样的问题已被解决。 (2009年高考辽宁卷)<span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="TV">TV</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="suddenly">suddenly</span> <span word="famous">famous</span>. 这就是电视的力量，它能使人一举成名。 3．<span word="so">so</span>作指示代词时，代替一个句子或短语所表达的事情。 (1)在<span word="believe">believe</span>，<span word="think">think</span>，<span word="expect">expect</span>，<span word="suppose">suppose</span>，<span word="imagine">imagine</span>，<span word="guess">guess</span>等词后，用<span word="so">so</span>代替前文提出的观点。既可以用于肯定句，也可用于否定句。 —<span word="Will">Will</span> <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="evening">evening</span>？汤姆今晚会来吗？ —<span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="so">so</span>./<span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="so">so</span>./<span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="not">not</span>. 我想会的。/我想不会。 (2)用于肯定的<span word="hope">hope</span>以及<span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="afraid">afraid</span>后，代替前文提出的观点。 —<span word="Is">Is</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rain">rain</span> <span word="tomorrow">tomorrow</span>？明天会下雨吗？ —<span word="I">I</span> <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="so">so</span>./<span word="I">I</span> <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="not">not</span>.(不用<span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="so">so</span>.) 希望如此。/希望不会下雨。 (3)在肯定句中，表示与上、下文相同的情况。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="likes">likes</span> <span word="English">English</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="I">I</span>．他喜欢英语，我也喜欢。 本部分内容讲解结束 点此进入课件目录 按<span word="ESC">ESC</span>键退出全屏播放 谢谢使用 返回 5．<span word="no">no</span>＝</p>
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