高考英语复习完形填空：考点解析议论文11
<p> 专题复习—完形填空</p><p> （议论文）</p><p> 一、命题研究</p><p> 议论文是一种通过剖析事物，论述事理，发表见解的文体。议论型完形填空分为两种，一种是夹叙夹议型的完形填空，另一种是纯议论型的完形填空。第一种的基本模式是：叙述事件，提出感情，做出结论。第二种的基本模式是：提出论点，列举论据，提出看法。这种完形填空都有以下特点：</p><p> 1．首句制胜，论点明确议论型完形填空绝大多数都把文章主旨句作为首句。作者一般在这句话中提出论点，然后在各段的首句提出分论点。</p><p> 2．结构清晰，脉络有序议论型完形填空的三要素：论点、论据和论证。它们一般有序地安排在引子、正文、结论使文章脉络清楚，逻辑流畅，会使用一些连接词。如：<span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="contrary">contrary</span>，<span word="all">all</span> ，<span word="n">n</span> <span word="short">short</span>， <span word="generally">generally</span>。<span word="worse">worse</span> <span word="still">still</span>，<span word="n">n</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="conclusion">conclusion</span>，<span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="consequence">consequence</span>，<span word="hence">hence</span>，<span word="also">also</span>，<span word="personally">personally</span>，<span word="furthermoredefinitely">furthermoredefinitely</span>，<span word="surely">surely</span>，<span word="undoubtedly">undoubtedly</span>，<span word="obviously">obviously</span>，<span word="additionally">additionally</span>，<span word="besides">besides</span>，<span word="likewise">likewise</span>，<span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sake">sake</span> <span word="f">f</span>，<span word="firstly">firstly</span>等。</p><p> 3．按一定的方法论证议论型完形填空都是按一定的论证方法来论证的。常用的论证方法有：归纳法(分析个别事物，达到共同点，得出结论)；推理法(从原理出发，个别分析说明，得出结论)；对照法(正反对照，分析说明，得出结论)；驳论法(阐述错误观点，逐条批驳，阐明观点)。</p>
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