2017高考英语常见语法复习（7）
<p> 一、插入隔离型 有时一个本来很简单的句子，由于表达的需要，在其中置入一个插入成分，或将某些成分从正常位置调入一个在同学们看来属“非正常”的位置并造成理解困难。 1.<span word="Dorothy">Dorothy</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="speaking">speaking</span> <span word="highly">highly</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="rolein">rolein</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="play">play</span>,_____, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="course">course</span>, <span word="made">made</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="unhappy">unhappy</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="whoB">whoB</span>. <span word="which">which</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="thisD">thisD</span>. <span word="what">what</span> 2.“<span word="Each">Each</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span>, <span word="working">working</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="herlessons">herlessons</span>,_____ <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="university">university</span>.” “<span word="So">So</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="I">I</span>.” <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="hopes">hopes</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="hoping">hoping</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="hoped">hoped</span> 3.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="news">news</span>_____, <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="not">not</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="earned">earned</span> $1 000 <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="day">day</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="that">that</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="which">which</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="as">as</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="because">because</span> 二、词性误用 英语和汉语不仅在遣词造句、句型搭配、习惯用法等方面有很大的差别，就是在词性方面也有很大的差别，并且这种差别有时会使同学们稍不小心就酿成错误 1.<span word="A">A</span> ______ <span word="road">road</span> <span word="goes">goes</span> ______ <span word="from">from</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="another">another</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="straight">straight</span>, <span word="straight">straight</span><span word="B">B</span>. <span word="straightly">straightly</span>, <span word="straightly">straightly</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="straight">straight</span>, <span word="straightly">straightly</span><span word="D">D</span>. <span word="straightly">straightly</span>, <span word="straight">straight</span> 2.<span word="Don">Don</span>'<span word="t">t</span>_____; <span word="no">no</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="hurt">hurt</span> <span word="you">you</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="afraid">afraid</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="frighten">frighten</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="fear">fear</span><span word="D">D</span>. <span word="nervous">nervous</span> 3.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="treated">treated</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="him">him</span>, ______<span word="he">he</span> <span word="knew">knew</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="know">know</span>,______. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="if">if</span>, <span word="friendlyB">friendlyB</span>. <span word="whether">whether</span>, <span word="friendly">friendly</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="if">if</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="friendly">friendly</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="whether">whether</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="friendly">friendly</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="lonely">lonely</span>(孤独的)，<span word="costly">costly</span>(高价的，昂贵的)，<span word="lively">lively</span>(有生气的，生动的)，<span word="lovely">lovely</span>(可爱的，美丽的，愉快的)，<span word="orderly">orderly</span> (整齐的，守规则的) 三、词义误解型 有许多题，因为其中有个别词（尤其是其中的关键词）的词义很容易误解，或是同学们对这类词理解不准，在运用时其词义在脑海中模棱两可，从而导致做题失误。 1.<span word="These">These</span> ______ <span word="much">much</span> <span word="alike">alike</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="which">which</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="twin">twin</span> <span word="looks">looks</span><span word="B">B</span>. <span word="twins">twins</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="twin">twin</span> <span word="look">look</span><span word="D">D</span>. <span word="twins">twins</span> <span word="looks">looks</span> 2.<span word="If">If</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sell">sell</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="product">product</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="must">must</span> _____ <span word="it">it</span> <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="advertise">advertise</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="advertise">advertise</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="advertise">advertise</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="advertise">advertise</span> <span word="to">to</span> 3.<span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="pairs">pairs</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="I">I</span>'<span word="m">m</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="loss">loss</span> <span word="which">which</span>_____ <span word="to">to</span> <span word="buy">buy</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="chosen">chosen</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="to">to</span> <span word="choose">choose</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="to">to</span> <span word="choose">choose</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="for">for</span> <span word="choosing">choosing</span> 四、规则硬套型 所谓“规则硬套”，即指不从语言实际出发，不考虑特定的语言环境，而是机械地套用语法规则，生搬硬套语法的条条框框，那就难免出错了 1.“<span word="Is">Is</span> <span word="there">there</span>___ <span word="here">here</span>?” “<span word="No">No</span>, <span word="Bob">Bob</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Tim">Tim</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="leave">leave</span>.” <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="anybodyB">anybodyB</span>. <span word="everybody">everybody</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="somebodyD">somebodyD</span>. <span word="nobody">nobody</span> 2.“<span word="Is">Is</span> <span word="there">there</span> _____ <span word="here">here</span>?” “<span word="Yes">Yes</span>, <span word="I">I</span>'<span word="m">m</span> <span word="upstairs">upstairs</span>. <span word="Please">Please</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="me">me</span>.” <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="anybodyB">anybodyB</span>. <span word="everybody">everybody</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="somebodyD">somebodyD</span>. <span word="nobody">nobody</span> 3.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="sentenced">sentenced</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="death">death</span> _____<span word="what">what</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="stolen">stolen</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bank">bank</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="that">that</span><span word="B">B</span>. <span word="since">since</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="becauseD">becauseD</span>. <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> 4.<span word="She">She</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> _____ <span word="she">she</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="from">from</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="to">to</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="than">than</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="with">with</span> 五、结构误配型 有许多试题，从表面上看是甲结构，而实际是乙结构；或者命题人考查的是甲结构，而应试者却将其误认为是乙结构；或者从选项来看是甲结构，而题干考查的实际上是乙结构等等。对于这类问题，若不仔细识别，则很容易出错 1.<span word="Use">Use</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="umbrella">umbrella</span> <span word="to">to</span> _____ <span word="you">you</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rain">rain</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="stopB">stopB</span>. <span word="prevent">prevent</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="keepD">keepD</span>. <span word="protect">protect</span> 2. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="money">money</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="he">he</span> _____$5,000 <span word="for">for</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="car">car</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="paidB">paidB</span>. <span word="tookC">tookC</span>. <span word="costD">costD</span>. <span word="spent">spent</span> 六、借用倒装型 有时由于同学们对句子的倒装结构不熟悉或者某些句子处于表达的需要而借用了倒装结构而造成误解 1._____ <span word="loudly">loudly</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="room">room</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="hear">hear</span> <span word="him">him</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="So">So</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="Very">Very</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="Too">Too</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="Much">Much</span> 2.<span word="Hard">Hard</span> _____ <span word="he">he</span> <span word="studies">studies</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="pass">pass</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="examination">examination</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="when">when</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="how">how</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="as">as</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="while">while</span> 七、母语干扰型 由于母语在大脑中根深蒂固，所以常常会对外语学习者大脑中尚不牢固的外语知识产生负面影响 1.<span word="They">They</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="cars">cars</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="to">to</span> _____ <span word="a">a</span> <span word="motorbike">motorbike</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="speakB">speakB</span>. <span word="say">say</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="talkD">talkD</span>. <span word="mention">mention</span> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="impolite">impolite</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="rude">rude</span> 2.<span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> _____ <span word="to">to</span> <span word="win">win</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="I">I</span>'<span word="m">m</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="sure">sure</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="possible">possible</span><span word="B">B</span>. <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="impossible">impossible</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="certain">certain</span> 八、思维定势型 有时它会误导同学们对于一些比较特殊的句子或语言现象,想当然地套用已形成的思维定势，从而得出错误的结论。 1.<span word="She">She</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="help">help</span> _____ <span word="the">the</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="she">she</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="busy">busy</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cake">cake</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="to">to</span> <span word="clean">clean</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="cleaning">cleaning</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="cleaned">cleaned</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="being">being</span> <span word="cleaned">cleaned</span> 2. <span word="While">While</span> <span word="shopping">shopping</span>, <span word="people">people</span> <span word="sometimes">sometimes</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="help">help</span>_____ <span word="into">into</span> <span word="buying">buying</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="need">need</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="to">to</span> <span word="persuade">persuade</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="persuading">persuading</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="being">being</span> <span word="persuaded">persuaded</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="be">be</span> <span word="persuaded">persuaded</span> 九、知识死角型 所谓知识死角，即指某些知识点，同学们平时没有引起足够重视，或一知半解，或“一窍不通”，从而导致做题出错 1.“<span word="I">I</span>'<span word="m">m</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="post">post</span> <span word="office">office</span>.” “_____ <span word="you">you</span>'<span word="re">re</span> <span word="there">there</span>,<span word="can">can</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="stamps">stamps</span>?” <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="While">While</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="If">If</span> 2.<span word="At">At</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="discussed">discussed</span> _____ <span word="we">we</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="employ">employ</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="workers">workers</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="if">if</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="thatD">thatD</span>.不填 3.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="building">building</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="saved">saved</span>, _____ <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cost">cost</span>. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="what">what</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="which">which</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="whatever">whatever</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="Whichever">Whichever</span> 4.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> <span word="likes">likes</span> <span word="football">football</span> _____, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="doesn">doesn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="basketball">basketball</span>_____. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="much">much</span>, <span word="muchB">muchB</span>. <span word="much">much</span>, <span word="very">very</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="very">very</span> <span word="much">much</span>, <span word="much">much</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="very">very</span> <span word="much">much</span>, <span word="very">very</span></p>
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