2017高中英语素材轻松阅读：上下班时间长等于慢性自杀？素材
<p> 上下班时间长等于慢性自杀？</p><p> <span word="Stop">Stop</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span>'<span word="ve">ve</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="before">before</span>: <span word="long">long</span> <span word="commutes">commutes</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="health">health</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="strongest">strongest</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="behavioral">behavioral</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="focused">focused</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="perils">perils</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="ride">ride</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span>. <span word="People">People</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lengthy">lengthy</span> <span word="commute">commute</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="stress">stress</span>, <span word="get">get</span> <span word="worse">worse</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="decreased">decreased</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="interaction">interaction</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="commute">commute</span> <span word="of">of</span> 45 <span word="minutes">minutes</span> <span word="carries">carries</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="well">well</span>-<span word="being">being</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="economists">economists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="earn">earn</span> 20 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trip">trip</span> <span word="worth">worth</span> <span word="it">it</span>. 如果你听过这个说法，就让我打住：上下班时间长对身体有害。最近的行为科学研究有了些有力的发现，证明长时间的通勤时间会带来各种危害。通勤时间长会使压力增大，睡眠变差，社交活动减少。如果你每天的上下班时间要花掉45分钟的话，那么你要多赚五分之一的薪水才能弥补。 <span word="One">One</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="linear">linear</span> <span word="association">association</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="transit">transit</span> <span word="riders">riders</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="transit">transit</span> <span word="rides">rides</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="involve">involve</span> <span word="transfers">transfers</span>. <span word="That">That</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="increases">increases</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="length">length</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trip">trip</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="unpredictability">unpredictability</span> (<span word="waiting">waiting</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="arrivals">arrivals</span>)， <span word="its">its</span> <span word="variability">variability</span> (<span word="some">some</span> <span word="trips">trips</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="others">others</span>)， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="potential">potential</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="crowding">crowding</span> — <span word="all">all</span> <span word="factors">factors</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="stress">stress</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="commute">commute</span>。 造成上述结果的原因之一可能是由于上下班时间长的人在途中可能需要换乘。换乘不仅会增加交通的时间，而且还增加了不可预测性(要等不同的班次)，这种变化性(有些班次花得时间可能更长)，还有潜在的拥挤情况，都增大了通勤途中的压力。 延伸阅读： 《中国新型城市化报告2017》由中国科学院发布，在中国内地50个城市上班路上平均花费时间排名中，北京仍以52分钟居首，广州、上海则以48、47分钟紧随其后。而50个城市中，上班平均花费时间最少的中山市只需18分钟，几乎为北京的三分之一用时，且堵车时间为0，西宁、银川也只需19和22分钟，堵车时间仅为2和3分钟。 报告主编牛文元表示，在选取的中国百万人口以上的50个主要城市中，居民平均单行上班时间要花39分钟。如果按照人口算，排名在前的15个城市居民每天上班单行比欧洲多消耗288亿分钟，折合为4.8亿小时，若按上海每小时创造财富2亿元换算，15个城市每天损失近10亿人民币。(来源：京华时报) 无论是北京的三环四环五环，还是上海的内环中环外环，只要到上下班的<span word="rush">rush</span> <span word="hour">hour</span>，基本上就只能见到人头攒动、车水马龙的景象了。公车、地铁里更是一幅人挤人、排长龙的壮观画面。百万人口以上的城市通勤时间长已经不是资讯了，而现在由官方机构公布的数据更是让“首都=首堵”名副其实了。城市上班族一声吼：每天上班花费时间超过45分钟的上班族伤不起啊！</p>
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