【把握高考】2017高三英语最新专题综合演练《Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia》课件 外研版必修3
<p> 知识要点 ⑧不定式与疑问词<span word="who">who</span>，<span word="which">which</span>，<span word="when">when</span>，<span word="where">where</span>，<span word="how">how</span>，<span word="what">what</span>等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。 例句：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span>. 他不知道该说什么。（宾语） <span word="How">How</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="solve">solve</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="important">important</span>. 如何解决这个问题至关重要。（主语） <span word="My">My</span> <span word="question">question</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="start">start</span>. 我的问题是什么时候开始。（表语） 知识要点 (2)不定式的时态与语态 时态 主动 被动 一般时 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="done">done</span> 进行时 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> / 完成时 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="done">done</span> 完成进行时 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> / 知识要点 ①动词不定式的一般时：表示与谓语动词处于同一时间层面或动作发生于谓语动词之后。 例句：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="expect">expect</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="hear">hear</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="soon">soon</span>. 我希望早日收到你的回信。 ②动词不定式的进行时：表示与谓语动词处于同一时间层面并且动作正在进行。 例句：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> <span word="pretended">pretended</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="listening">listening</span> <span word="attentively">attentively</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="looked">looked</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="him">him</span>. 当老师看那个男孩时，他假装在认真听讲。 ③动词不定式的完成时：表示发生在谓语动词之前。 例句：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="novel">novel</span>. 他看起来好像读过那部小说。 ④动词不定式的被动式：表示与逻辑主语之间的被动关系。 例句：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="held">held</span> <span word="tomorrow">tomorrow</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stop">stop</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pollution">pollution</span>. 明天召开的会议是关于如何扼制污染的。 知识要点 (3)不定式的省略 ①在英语中，有时为了避免重复，可以省略不定式中的动词，只保留其中的不定式符号<span word="to">to</span>。这种情况常出现在下列动词之后:<span word="expect">expect</span>,<span word="hope">hope</span>,<span word="wish">wish</span>,<span word="mean">mean</span>,<span word="prefer">prefer</span>,<span word="care">care</span>,<span word="forget">forget</span>,<span word="want">want</span>,<span word="try">try</span>或出现在<span word="be">be</span> <span word="glad">glad</span>,<span word="be">be</span> <span word="happy">happy</span>,<span word="would">would</span> <span word="like">like</span>,<span word="would">would</span> <span word="love">love</span>等结构之后。 例句：—<span word="Would">Would</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="me">me</span>? 你愿意和我一起去吗？ —<span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="to">to</span>.我愿意。 注意：如果在省略动词的不定式结构中含有<span word="be">be</span>,<span word="have">have</span>,<span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span>时，这些词要保留。 例句：—<span word="I">I</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="news">news</span>. 我没有告诉他这则消息。 —<span word="Oh">Oh</span>,<span word="you">you</span> <span word="ought">ought</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span>.哦，你应该告诉他的。 知识要点 ②在<span word="let">let</span> <span word="go">go</span>,<span word="let">let</span> <span word="fly">fly</span>,<span word="make">make</span> <span word="do">do</span>,<span word="make">make</span> <span word="believe">believe</span>,<span word="hear">hear</span> <span word="say">say</span>,<span word="go">go</span> <span word="hang">hang</span>等固定短语中不定式不带<span word="to">to</span>。 例句：<span word="Don">Don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="let">let</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rope">rope</span>.抓紧绳子别松手。 ③在与<span word="why">why</span>连用时，只用于以<span word="why">why</span>或<span word="why">why</span> <span word="not">not</span>开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带<span word="to">to</span>。 例句：<span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rest">rest</span>?为什么不休息一下？ ④在<span word="had">had</span> <span word="better">better</span>,<span word="would">would</span> <span word="rather">rather</span>,<span word="would">would</span> <span word="sooner">sooner</span>和<span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="but">but</span>等短语之后，不定式不带<span word="to">to</span>。 例句：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="meet">meet</span> <span word="him">him</span>. 我宁愿待在家里也不愿去见他。 知识要点 ⑤将连词<span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span>,<span word="sooner">sooner</span> <span word="than">than</span>置于句首时，其后的不定式不带<span word="to">to</span>。 例句：<span word="Rather">Rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="wait">wait</span>,<span word="I">I</span> <span word="decided">decided</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="taxi">taxi</span>. 我决定乘出租车回家，而不愿再等下去了。 <span word="Sooner">Sooner</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="sit">sit</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fireside">fireside</span>,<span word="he">he</span>’<span word="d">d</span> <span word="prefer">prefer</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="walk">walk</span>. 他宁愿去散步，也不愿在火炉旁闲待着。 知识要点 (4)<span word="but">but</span>+不定式 ①不定式动词在介词<span word="but">but</span>，<span word="except">except</span>，<span word="besides">besides</span>后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词<span word="do">do</span>的各种形式，那么这些介词后的不定式不带<span word="to">to</span>，否则要带<span word="to">to</span>。 例句：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="choice">choice</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span>. 我别无选择，只有走。 <span word="What">What</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="forgive">forgive</span> <span word="her">her</span>? 他不原谅她又能怎么办呢？ ②在<span word="can">can</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="but">but</span>，<span word="can">can</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="but">but</span>，<span word="can">can</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="choose">choose</span> <span word="but">but</span>结构后，不定式不带<span word="to">to</span>。 例句：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="can">can</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="choose">choose</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="accept">accept</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="offer">offer</span>. 他只能接受提议。 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①<span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="wise">wise</span> _______ <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="refused">refused</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>. <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="for">for</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="of">of</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="for">for</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="of">of</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="on">on</span> 【解析】<span word="for">for</span>或<span word="of">of</span>引出不定式的逻辑主语，而不能是动名词，故排除<span word="C">C</span>、<span word="D">D</span>两项；<span word="of">of</span>引出不定式的逻辑主语时，在其前面须是表示性格特征、行为表现的形容词，<span word="wise">wise</span>便是这样的形容词，故选<span word="B">B</span>。 【答案】<span word="B">B</span> 知识要点 ②—<span word="Where">Where</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="monitor">monitor</span>?<span word="He">He</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="at">at</span> 9 <span word="o">o</span>’<span word="clock">clock</span>. —<span word="He">He</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> _______ <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Hu">Hu</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="teaching">teaching</span> <span word="building">building</span>. <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="to">to</span> <span word="talk">talk</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="talking">talking</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="talking">talking</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="talked">talked</span> 【解析】此题考查动词不定式进行时的用法。答句句意为：他好像和胡先生正在教学楼里谈话。 【答案】<span word="C">C</span> 知识要点 ③—<span word="Does">Does</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="brother">brother</span> <span word="intend">intend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="German">German</span>? —<span word="Yes">Yes</span>,<span word="he">he</span> <span word="intends">intends</span> ________. <span word="A">A</span>.不填 <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="to">to</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="so">so</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="that">that</span> 【解析】考查<span word="intend">intend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.“打算做某事”，由于上文已出现<span word="intend">intend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="German">German</span>,为了避免重复，下文省略了上文出现的动词短语<span word="study">study</span> <span word="German">German</span>。 【答案】<span word="B">B</span> 知识要点 ④<span word="No">No</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="else">else</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="perform">perform</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="operation">operation</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="but">but</span> ________ <span word="for">for</span> <span word="him">him</span>. <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="wait">wait</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="waiting">waiting</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="to">to</span> <span word="wait">wait</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="waited">waited</span> 【解析】<span word="but">but</span>前有行为动词<span word="do">do</span>，故省略了<span word="to">to</span>,用动词原形。 【答案】<span word="A">A</span> ⑤—<span word="What">What</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Della">Della</span>? —<span word="Well">Well</span>, <span word="her">her</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="wouldn">wouldn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="allow">allow</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="party">party</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="still">still</span> ________. <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="hopes">hopes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="hopes">hopes</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="hopes">hopes</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="hopes">hopes</span> <span word="for">for</span> 知识要点 【解析】考查不定式的省略。答句句意为：噢，她的父母不让她参加那个聚会，但是她仍旧希望能去参加。根据转折连词<span word="but">but</span>可知应是<span word="She">She</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="hopes">hopes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="party">party</span>的省略。解决省略问题时，一定要先把省略的部分补充出来，然后和选项对照，作出选择。 【答案】<span word="A">A</span> <span word="Thank">Thank</span> <span word="you">you</span> ! 知识要点 ②<span word="To">To</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="perform">perform</span> <span word="better">better</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="trainer">trainer</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="their">their</span> _________ <span word="and">and</span> <span word="weaknesses">weaknesses</span>. <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="strengths">strengths</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="benefits">benefits</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="techniques">techniques</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="values">values</span> 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。<span word="strength">strength</span>此处意为“长处；优势”，根据句意“为了使团队的成员表现得更加出色，教练首先要了解队员们的长处和薄弱的地方”可判断出选<span word="A">A</span>。<span word="benefit">benefit</span>“利益”；<span word="technique">technique</span>“技术”；<span word="value">value</span>“价值”，均与句意不符，故排除。 【答案】<span word="A">A</span> 知识要点 要点二</p>
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