江苏省无锡新领航教育咨询有限公司高中英语语法专题（3）语态
<p> 一.概念:</p><p> 动词的语态是动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语之间语法或语义的关系.英语的语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态.主动语态用于主动句,表示主语是动作的执行者.被动语态用于被动句,表示主语是动作的承受者.主动语态的构成方式与动词时态相同,而被动语态由 助动词<span word="be">be</span>+过去分词 构成,有人称,数,时态的变化.</p><p> 二. 相关知识点精讲</p><p> 1. <span word="let">let</span> 的用法</p><p> 1）当<span word="let">let</span>后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带<span word="to">to</span> 的不定式。例如：</p><p> <span word="They">They</span> <span word="let">let</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="strange">strange</span> <span word="go">go</span>.他们放陌生人走了。</p><p> ---> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="strange">strange</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="let">let</span> <span word="go">go</span>.</p><p> 2）当<span word="let">let</span> 后宾补较长时，<span word="let">let</span> 通常不用被动语态，而用<span word="allow">allow</span>或<span word="permit">permit</span> 代替。例如：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="nurse">nurse</span> <span word="let">let</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="classmate">classmate</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hospital">hospital</span>. 那护士让我去探望住院的同学。</p><p> ----> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="allowed">allowed</span> / <span word="permitted">permitted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="classmate">classmate</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hospital">hospital</span>.</p><p> 2.短语动词的被动语态</p><p> </p><p> 短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。例如：</p><p> <span word="My">My</span> <span word="sister">sister</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="care">care</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Grandma">Grandma</span>. 我妹妹由奶奶照顾。</p><p> <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="before">before</span>. 这样的事闻所未闻。</p><p> 3. 表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组，基本上由<span word="believe">believe</span>, <span word="consider">consider</span>, <span word="declare">declare</span>, <span word="expect">expect</span>, <span word="feel">feel</span> , <span word="report">report</span>, <span word="say">say</span>, <span word="see">see</span>, <span word="suppose">suppose</span>, <span word="think">think</span>, <span word="understand">understand</span>等组成。例如：</p>
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