2017届高考英语一轮复习方案精品课件：第21讲 Unit 21《Human Biology》（北师大版必修7）
<p> 6．<span word="By">By</span> <span word="saying">saying</span> “<span word="We">We</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span>” (<span word="paragraph">paragraph</span> 7)，<span word="Stover">Stover</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="snakelike">snakelike</span> <span word="robots">robots</span> . 二、词义猜测主要的解题策略有：语境猜词、语法猜词和常识猜词。 语境即上下文。由于上下文中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义与句中其他词的词义或具体的语境有着密切的联系。因此在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇和短语并结合具体的语境来推测。命题者为了考查学生的这种猜词能力，常采用以下几种命题策略： 阅读写作(二十一) │ 重视词义猜测 策略1：依据标点符号猜测词义 标点符号是词义猜测的最直接，最简单的解答方法。比如，破折号、冒号常常起解释说明的功能，引号和括号有时也起到相同的作用。 阅读写作(二十一) │ 重视词义猜测 例1 <span word="Morning">Morning</span>, <span word="noon">noon</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="night">night</span>, <span word="her">her</span> <span word="tongue">tongue</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="endlessly">endlessly</span> <span word="going">going</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="forced">forced</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="escape">escape</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="house">house</span>—<span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="side">side</span> <span word="which">which</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="truth">truth</span>, <span word="belongs">belongs</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="henpecked">henpecked</span> <span word="husband">husband</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="underlined">underlined</span> <span word="words">words</span> “<span word="henpecked">henpecked</span> <span word="husband">husband</span>” <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="who">who</span> . <span word="A">A</span>．<span word="likes">likes</span> <span word="hunting">hunting</span></p><p> <span word="B">B</span>．<span word="is">is</span> <span word="afraid">afraid</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="hens">hens</span> <span word="C">C</span>．<span word="loves">loves</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="wife">wife</span></p><p> <span word="D">D</span>．<span word="is">is</span> <span word="afraid">afraid</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="wife">wife</span> 阅读写作(二十一) │ 重视词义猜测 【点睛】 <span word="D">D</span> 破折号起进一步解释说明的作用。由句前信息 “他为逃避妻子的唠叨而逃到屋外”可知“他是一个怕老婆的人”，因此选择<span word="D">D</span>项。 阅读写作(二十一) │ 重视词义猜测 策略2：依据反义词和对比关系猜测词义 运用对比手法描述事物或现象是文章写作的一种常用的修辞手法。在这种修辞手段下，作者常借用一些信号词来提供相反信息，从而表明一个词与前面的另一个词互为反义。常用的信号词有： <span word="but">but</span>/<span word="yet">yet</span>/<span word="however">however</span>/<span word="nevertheless">nevertheless</span>; <span word="while">while</span>/<span word="whereas">whereas</span>; <span word="otherwise">otherwise</span>/<span word="or">or</span> <span word="else">else</span>; <span word="unlike">unlike</span>/<span word="instead">instead</span>/ <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span>; <span word="by">by</span> <span word="contrast">contrast</span>/<span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="to">to</span>; <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="contrary">contrary</span>/ <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="hand">hand</span> 等。 阅读写作(二十一) │ 重视词义猜测 例2 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="looked">looked</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="normal">normal</span> <span word="outside">outside</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="inside">inside</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="exotic">exotic</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="fascinating">fascinating</span> <span word="objects">objects</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="display">display</span>. <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="definitions">definitions</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="closest">closest</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="word">word</span> “<span word="exotic">exotic</span>” <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="passage">passage</span>? <span word="A">A</span>．<span word="Messy">Messy</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="untidy">untidy</span>. <span word="B">B</span>．<span word="Rich">Rich</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="expensive">expensive</span>. <span word="C">C</span>．<span word="Comfortable">Comfortable</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="calming">calming</span>.</p>
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